Western Balkans’ Social Scoreboard of Indicators

2025

• 2025
• 2022
• 2021

by Employment & Social Affairs Platform - ESAP3

Indicator	Early leavers from education and training % of population 18-24
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	21.3	19.6	19.6	17.4	16.3	15.6	16.8	15.5	13.9	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5.2	4.9	5.1	5.4	3.8	4.7	4.7	3.6	4.2	3.8
Kosovo*	n/a	12.7	12.2	9.6	8.2	7.8	7.0	7.8	7.7	n/a
North Macedonia	11.4	9.9	8.5	7.1	7.1	5.7	4.6	6.2	3.7	7.8
Montenegro	5.7	5.5	5.4	4.6	5.0	3.6	6.7	5.2	6.8	4.9
Serbia	7.5	7.0	6.2	6.8	6.6	5.6	7.7	5.7	5.8	6.2
Western Balkans Average	n/a	9.9	9.5	8.5	7.8	7.2	7.9	7.3	7.0	n/a
EU Average (28)	11.0	10.7	10.5	10.5	10.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	11.0	10.6	10.5	10.5	10.2	10.0	9.8	9.7	9.5	9.3

 

Early leavers from education and training % of population 18-24 - Male

Indicator
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	22.9	21.6	21.6	18.3	17.5	15.7	17.1	16.3	15.2	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4.8	4.4	5.3	5.6	4.0	4.8	4.9	3.9	5.2	5.0
Kosovo*	11.8	11.0	11.4	9.3	8.0	7.3	7.0	8.2	7.6	n/a
North Macedonia	10.0	8.9	8.3	5.6	5.9	5.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	4.9	4.3	5.6	4.4	5.2	3.6	5.4	2.7	7.6	6.5
Serbia	7.7	7.3	6.3	6.8	6.5	5.4	8.7	6.5	5.8	6.8
Western Balkans Average	10.4	9.6	9.8	8.3	7.9	7.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	12.4	12.2	12.1	12.1	11.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	12.5	12.1	12.1	12.1	11.8	11.9	11.5	11.2	11.3	10.9

 

Indicator	Early leavers from education and training % of population 18-24 - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	19.6	17.3	17.2	16.4	15.1	15.1	16.6	14.7	12.7	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5.6	5.4	4.8	5.2	3.5	4.6	4.4	3.3	3.1	2.5
Kosovo*	17.5	14.6	13.1	9.9	8.4	8.4	7.0	7.4	7.8	n/a
North Macedonia	12.9	10.9	8.7	8.5	8.4	5.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	6.6	6.8	5.2	4.9	4.9	3.7	8.7	9.3	5.7	3.0
Serbia	7.2	6.7	6.1	6.8	6.7	5.8	6.6	5.0	5.9	5.7
Western Balkans Average	11.6	10.3	9.2	8.6	7.8	7.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.5	9.2	8.9	8.8	8.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.4	9.1	8.9	8.8	8.4	8.1	8.0	8.1	7.7	7.7

 

Indicator	Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills % of population 16-74
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	21.0	21.0	23.8	23.8	23.3	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	24.0	24.0	34.6	34.7	30.1	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	21.0	n/a	28.0	28.0	28.0	n/a	37.7	n/a
North Macedonia	37.0	34.0	32.0	n/a	32.0	32.0	35.6	34.6	34.6	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	50.0	n/a	n/a	52.2	47.2	47.2	52.0	n/a
Serbia	32.0	n/a	39.0	n/a	46.0	46.0	41.3	41.3	33.6	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	33.9	35.1	n/a	35.2	n/a
EU Average (28)	55.0	56.0	57.0	n/a	58.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	54.0	54.0	55.0	n/a	56.0	56.0	53.9	53.9	55.6	n/a

 

Indicator	Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills % of population 16-74 - Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	23.0	24.0	24.2	n/a	25.1	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	29.0	n/a	36.4	n/a	30.8	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	24.0	n/a	30.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	38.0	33.0	34.0	n/a	31.0	n/a	38.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	54.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	48.5	n/a	53.49	n/a
Serbia	35.0	n/a	42.0	n/a	49.0	n/a	43.9	n/a	35.5	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	58.0	58.0	60.0	n/a	60.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	57.0	57.0	58.0	n/a	58.0	n/a	55.6	n/a	56.7	n/a

 

Indicator	Adult participation in learning % of population 25-64
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	1.1	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2.3	2.6	1.8	1.9	1.8	3.3	2.4	2.2	2.2	n/a
Kosovo*	4.9	4.4	3.9	3.5	2.7	5.6	18.2	17.8	4.5	n/a
North Macedonia	2.5	2.8	2.2	2.4	2.8	2.6	2.5	2.7	2.8	3.7
Montenegro	3.0	3.3	2.8	3.2	2.5	2.7	5.2	3.2	2.8	3.6
Serbia	4.8	5.1	4.4	4.1	4.3	3.7	4.8	5.1	6.1	5.5
Western Balkans Average	3.1	3.2	2.7	2.7	2.5	3.1	5.6	5.3	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	10.8	10.8	10.9	11.1	11.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.1	10.3	10.4	10.6	10.8	9.1	10.8	11.9	12.8	13.3

 

Indicator	Adult participation in learning % of population 25-64 - Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	1.0	1.4	1.0	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.7	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	2.3	2.0	1.9	n/a
Kosovo*	5.9	5.1	4.6	3.5	2.9	5.8	18.5	18.3	4.3	n/a
North Macedonia	2.7	2.8	2.4	2.4	2.8	2.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	3.4	3.7	3.1	3.3	2.1	2.6	5.0	3.0	2.2	2.6
Serbia	4.5	4.8	4.2	3.7	3.8	3.3	4.2	4.4	5.5	4.9
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.7	9.8	10.0	10.1	10.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.2	9.4	9.6	9.7	9.8	8.3	10.0	10.8	11.6	12.1

 

Indicator	Adult participation in learning % of population 25-64 - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	2.4	0.2	2.5	n/a
Kosovo*	3.8	3.7	3.2	3.5	2.6	5.5	17.9	17.2	4.8	n/a
North Macedonia	2.5	3.0	2.2	2.3	2.7	2.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	2.5	2.9	2.5	3.0	3.0	2.8	5.4	3.4	3.5	4.6
Serbia	5.1	5.5	4.6	4.5	4.8	4.0	5.3	5.7	6.7	6.1
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	11.7	11.7	11.9	12.2	12.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.9	11.1	11.3	11.6	11.9	10.0	11.6	12.9	14.0	14.5

 

Indicator	Tertiary education attainment % of population 30-34
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	22.1	20.9	23.5	27.3	31.3	33.2	32.0	37.9	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	28.8	28.5	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	17.2	19.1	21.8	20.9	n/a	29.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	28.6	29.1	30.6	33.3	35.7	39.7	36.9	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	31.0	33.9	34.0	32.4	36.8	38.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	28.9	29.9	31.4	32.8	33.5	33.0	35.3	36.1	38.2	40.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	38.7	39.2	39.9	40.7	41.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	37.3	37.8	38.6	39.4	40.3	41.0	41.9	42.8	43.9	44.8

 

Indicator	Tertiary education attainment % of population 30-34 - Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	19.6	18.0	21.1	22.5	27.1	26.7	25.4	31.7	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	23.9	23.8	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	19.5	18.9	22.4	20.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	23.1	24.5	24.6	26.4	32.1	34.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	29.9	31.8	30.0	29.3	35.4	35.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	24.2	24.7	25.4	26.4	26.9	27.1	27.8	30.7	29.8	32.3
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	34.0	34.4	34.9	35.7	36.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	32.5	32.7	33.3	34.1	35.1	36.0	36.6	37.4	38.5	39.5

 

Indicator	Tertiary education attainment % of population 30-34 - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	24.7	23.9	26.0	33.2	36.6	40.0	39.3	44.8	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	34.0	33.6	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	14.7	19.4	21.2	20.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	34.5	33.8	36.8	40.4	39.4	45.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	32.2	35.9	37.7	35.5	38.1	41.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	33.7	35.3	37.7	39.4	40.4	39.1	42.9	41.6	46.9	48.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	43.4	43.9	44.9	45.8	46.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	42.2	42.9	43.9	44.8	45.6	46.4	47.3	48.3	49.4	50.3

 

Indicator	Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills % of population 16-74 - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	20.0	23.0	23.5	n/a	21.6	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	20.0	n/a	33.2	n/a	29.3	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	17.0	n/a	24.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	36.0	35.0	31.0	n/a	32.0	n/a	31.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	42.0	n/a	u	n/a	45.7	n/a	50.0	n/a
Serbia	29.0	n/a	36.0	n/a	43.0	n/a	38.8	n/a	31.8	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	53.0	54.0	55.0	n/a	56.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	51.0	52.0	53.0	n/a	54.0	n/a	52.3	n/a	54.5	n/a

 

Indicator	Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)  % of population 15-24
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	29.6	27.0	25.9	26.5	25.5	26.6	24.0	23.3	22.8	20.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	28.1	27.0	24.5	22.1	21.2	22.0	19.9	18.2	16.5	14.7
Kosovo*	31.4	30.1	27.4	30.1	32.7	33.6	32.1	33.0	33.4	n/a
North Macedonia	24.7	24.3	24.5	24.0	18.6	20.1	18.7	18.0	18.7	n/a
Montenegro	19.1	18.4	16.7	16.2	17.3	21.1	20.2	20.0	17.3	14.2
Serbia	21.4	18.8	18.0	17.1	15.9	16.5	17.0	13.3	12.4	12.9
Western Balkans Average	25.7	24.3	22.8	22.7	21.9	23.3	22.0	21.0	20.2	n/a
EU Average (28)	12.0	11.6	10.9	10.5	10.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	12.6	12.1	11.4	10.9	10.4	11.4	10.8	9.6	9.2	9.1

   

Indicator	Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)  % of population 15-24 - Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	28.2	26.8	24.7	25.4	25.8	27.1	22.1	21.4	20.9	19.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	29.7	28.6	24.7	22.6	20.7	20.3	19.5	17.7	17.4	15.3
Kosovo*	28.3	26.5	23.8	30.2	31.4	34.0	31.8	32.2	32.9	n/a
North Macedonia	24.5	23.6	23.4	23.4	17.8	19.4	18.3	17.6	18.2	n/a
Montenegro	19.9	18.7	16.3	18.6	18.8	21.5	24.2	21.6	17.0	16.2
Serbia	21.9	18.3	18.0	16.7	15.5	17.7	17.1	13.4	12.7	13.1
Western Balkans Average	25.4	23.8	21.8	22.8	21.7	23.3	22.2	20.7	19.9	n/a
EU Average (28)	11.8	11.3	10.7	10.1	9.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	12.5	11.8	11.1	10.5	10.1	11.3	10.7	9.6	9.4	9.2

 

Indicator	Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)  % of population 15-24 - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	31.1	27.1	27.3	27.6	25.3	26.2	25.9	25.2	24.8	22.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	26.4	25.3	24.3	21.7	21.6	23.0	20.4	18.6	15.5	14.0
Kosovo*	34.9	34.2	31.4	30.0	34.2	33.2	32.4	33.8	33.9	n/a
North Macedonia	24.9	25.1	25.6	24.6	19.5	20.8	19.0	18.4	19.3	n/a
Montenegro	18.3	18.0	17.1	13.6	15.8	20.6	15.9	18.2	17.6	12.1
Serbia	21.0	19.2	18.0	17.6	16.3	15.3	17	13.3	12.2	12.6
Western Balkans Average	26.1	24.8	24.0	22.5	22.1	23.2	21.8	21.3	20.6	n/a
EU Average (28)	12.3	11.9	11.2	10.9	10.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	12.8	12.4	11.8	11.3	10.8	11.5	10.8	9.7	9.0	9.0

 

Indicator	Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)  % of population 15-29
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	32.8	30.0	29.7	28.6	26.6	27.9	26.1	25.2	25.0	22.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	32.8	30.8	28.1	24.8	25.0	25.9	25.1	23.5	22.2	n/a
Kosovo*	38.7	37.5	35.1	37.4	40.0	40.4	36.6	36.6	37.6	n/a
North Macedonia	32.5	31.3	30.1	28.9	23.5	24.9	23.6	22.8	24.1	n/a
Montenegro	23.4	22.3	21.4	21.0	21.3	26.6	26.5	23.2	20.3	16.5
Serbia	25.1	22.8	22.1	20.4	19.3	20.8	19.1	15.4	15.2	14.9
Western Balkans Average	30.9	29.1	27.8	26.9	26.0	27.8	26.2	24.5	24.1	n/a
EU Average (28)	14.8	14.2	13.4	12.9	12.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	15.5	14.8	14.0	13.3	12.8	13.9	13.1	11.7	11.2	11.0

 

Indicator	Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)  % of population 15-29 - Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	29.4	27.5	25.6	24.7	24.3	25.8	23.2	22.6	22.3	19.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	32.4	30.4	27.0	24.0	n/a	22.0	21.6	19.8	18.8	n/a
Kosovo*	33.2	30.6	27.8	32.2	35.5	37.9	34.5	33.3	33.5	n/a
North Macedonia	29.9	28.7	26.4	25.8	20.3	22.1	21.6	21.1	21.7	n/a
Montenegro	22.8	21.6	20.3	21.2	21.0	26.2	28.3	24.6	19.8	16.5
Serbia	23.7	20.8	20.3	18.2	17.5	19.3	17.3	13.4	14.0	13.8
Western Balkans Average	28.6	26.6	24.6	24.4	n/a	25.6	24.4	22.5	21.7	n/a
EU Average (28)	13.0	12.3	11.5	10.9	10.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	13.9	13.0	12.1	11.4	11.0	12.5	11.8	10.5	10.1	10.0

 

Indicator	Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET)  % of population 15-29 - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	36.6	32.9	34.4	32.7	28.9	30.0	29.1	27.8	27.8	24.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	33.3	32.5	30.8	27.3	n/a	30.1	28.8	27.4	25.9	n/a
Kosovo*	44.8	43.8	42.6	38.6	44.7	43.0	39.0	40.1	41.9	n/a
North Macedonia	35.3	34.0	34.0	32.2	26.8	27.8	25.8	24.5	26.7	n/a
Montenegro	24.1	23.1	22.6	20.8	21.5	26.9	24.6	21.7	20.8	16.5
Serbia	26.6	24.8	23.9	22.7	21.2	22.3	21.0	17.5	16.6	16.0
Western Balkans Average	33.5	31.9	31.4	29.0	n/a	30.0	28.1	26.5	26.6	n/a
EU Average (28)	16.7	16.3	15.4	15	14.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	17.1	16.7	16.0	15.3	14.7	15.4	14.5	13.0	12.5	12.1

 

Indicator	Gender employment gap
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	14.4	16.5	16.5	15.0	15.2	16.3	14.2	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	24.4	23.0	23.7	23.6	24.9	26.9	29.3	27.4	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	35.3	39.4	38.5	37.4	28.7	29.4	31.0	33.6	n/a
North Macedonia	19.4	21.2	21.9	21.4	21.3	19.9	17.9	15.6	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	10.3	11.7	13.8	13.8	13.3	12.9	11.1	8.7	11.0	12.8
Serbia	15.9	15.1	14.7	15.4	14.6	15.2	14.7	14.0	12.5	11.7
Western Balkans Average	n/a	20.4	21.6	21.6	20.9	19.5	19.4	18.8	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	11.1	11.1	11.3	11.3	11.2	11.0	10.9	10.7	10.2	10.0

 

Indicator	Gender gap in part-time employment
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	-11.4	-8.3	-8.7	-8.2	-8.1	-7.8	-9.6	-8.8	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1.4	3.1	1.7	2.7	2.6	2.0	0.6	-0.2	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	-2.8	-7.1	-3.1	-1.2	-0.9	-0.4	-1.6	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	1.6	2.1	2.2	1.7	1.9	2.3	1.9	1.7	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	0.9	-0.7	-0.2	-1.1	-0.2	-0.9	0.8	0.5	n/a	n/a
Serbia	1.6	2.1	2.2	1.7	1.3	1.7	1.5	1.6	1.3	1.3
Western Balkans Average	-1.5	-1.5	-1.0	-0.7	-0.6	-0.5	-1.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	23.3	23.2	22.9	22.7	22.6	21.2	20.6	20.2	20.2	20.2

 

Indicator	Gender pay gap in unadjusted form % of average gross hourly earnings of men
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	6.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	n/a	n/a	n/a	9.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	16.4	16.1	15.7	15.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	15.5	15.1	14.6	14.4	13.7	12.7	12.3	12.2	12.0	n/a

 

Indicator	Income inequality - quintile share ratio (S80/S20)
	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	7.5	7.0	6.4	5.9	5.7	5.2	4.9	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	4.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	3.9	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	7.2	6.6	6.6	6.4	6.2	5.6	5.9	5.6	5.4	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	7.3	7.5	7.4	7.6	7.4	6.7	6.0	5.8	5.6	5.1	n/a
Serbia	9.4	10.7	11.0	9.4	8.6	6.5	6.1	6.0	5.7	5.6	5.6
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.0	5.1	5.0	4.9	5.0	4.7	4.7	4.7

 

Indicator	Income inequality - quintile share ratio (S80/S20) - Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	7.4	6.9	6.4	5.9	5.7	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	6.6	6.6	6.3	6.1	5.6	6.0	5.65	5.47	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	7.6	7.7	7.9	7.5	7.0	6.1	6.0	5.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	11.4	12.1	9.8	9.8	6.6	6.4	6.2	5.7	5.8	5.7
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	5.4	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	5.3	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.0	4.9	5.0	4.8	4.8	4.71

 

Indicator	Income inequality - quintile share ratio (S80/S20) - Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	7.5	7.1	6.4	5.9	5.7	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	6.6	6.6	6.5	6.2	5.6	5.9	5.6	5.31	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	7.4	7.1	7.2	7.2	6.6	5.9	5.7	5.5	n/a	n/a
Serbia	10.2	10.6	9.1	7.7	6.4	6.2	5.9	5.7	5.4	5.5
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	5.1	5.1	5.0	5.1	5.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	5.1	5.1	5.0	5.0	5.0	4.9	4.9	4.7	4.7	4.6

 

Indicator	Employment rate % of population 20-64
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	59.3	62.1	63.9	65.6	67.1	66.3	66.3	70.4	73.4	74.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	43.2	44.2	46.6	47.7	49.7	52.5	52.6	54.0	55.9	58.2
Kosovo*	25.2	28.0	29.8	28.8	30.1	28.4	31.1	33.8	36.3	n/a
North Macedonia	51.9	53.3	54.8	56.1	59.2	59.1	59.5	61.9	61.7	n/a
Montenegro	56.7	57.1	58.2	59.8	60.8	55.2	54.2	62.5	66.5	69.7
Serbia	55.4	58.5	61.0	62.9	65.1	65.9	66.2	68.8	69.6	71.3
Western Balkans Average	48.6	50.5	52.4	53.5	55.3	54.6	55.0	58.6	60.6	n/a
EU Average (28)	70.0	71.0	72.1	73.1	73.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	68.5	69.6	70.9	71.9	72.7	71.7	73.1	74.6	75.3	75.8

 

Indicator	Employment rate % of population 20-64 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	68.1	69.4	72.1	73.9	74.7	74.0	74.6	77.4	79.6	81.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	53.9	56.4	58.1	59.5	61.6	64.9	66.0	68.6	69.5	71.9
Kosovo*	38.7	43.0	46.6	45.3	46.2	42.8	45.9	49.4	53.4	n/a
North Macedonia	61.5	63.7	65.6	66.6	69.7	68.9	69.5	71.1	70.7	n/a
Montenegro	61.9	63.0	65.2	66.7	67.5	61.7	59.8	66.9	72.0	76.1
Serbia	63.6	66.2	68.6	70.9	72.7	73.5	73.6	75.8	75.9	77.2
Western Balkans Average	58.0	60.3	62.7	63.8	65.4	64.3	64.9	68.2	70.2	n/a
EU Average (28)	75.8	76.8	77.9	78.9	79.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	74.1	75.2	76.5	77.6	78.3	77.2	78.5	79.9	80.4	80.8

 

Indicator	Employment rate % of population 20-64 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	50.7	55	55.6	57.4	59.7	58.8	58.3	63.7	67.5	67.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	32.4	32	35.1	35.8	38.0	40.0	39.1	39.3	42.1	44.3
Kosovo*	11.5	12.7	12.7	12.3	13.9	14.1	16.5	18.4	19.8	n/a
North Macedonia	42.1	42.5	43.7	45.2	48.4	49.0	49.2	52.6	52.7	n/a
Montenegro	51.6	51.3	51.4	52.9	54.2	48.8	48.7	58.2	61.0	63.3
Serbia	47.4	50.9	53.5	55.0	57.6	58.3	58.9	61.8	63.4	65.5
Western Balkans Average	39.3	40.7	42.0	43.1	45.3	44.8	45.1	49.0	51.1	n/a
EU Average (28)	64.3	65.3	66.4	67.4	68.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	63.0	64.1	65.2	66.3	67.1	66.1	67.7	69.2	70.2	70.8

 

Indicator	Unemployment rate  % of labour force 15-74
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	17.1	15.2	13.7	12.3	11.5	11.7	11.5	10.9	9.5	8.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	27.9	25.5	20.7	18.5	15.9	15.9	17.4	15.4	13.2	12.6
Kosovo*	32.9	27.5	30.5	29.6	25.7	25.9	20.7	12.6	10.9	n/a
North Macedonia	26.1	23.7	22.3	20.6	17.1	16.2	15.4	14.4	13.1	12.4
Montenegro	17.6	17.8	16.1	15.2	15.2	17.9	16.6	14.7	13.1	11.4
Serbia	19.0	16.5	14.6	13.8	11.3	9.8	11.2	9.6	9.5	8.6
Western Balkans Average	23.4	21.0	19.7	18.3	16.1	16.2	15.5	12.9	11.5	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.4	8.6	7.6	6.8	6.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.2	9.3	8.3	7.4	6.8	7.2	7.1	6.2	6.1	5.9

 

Indicator	Unemployment rate  % of labour force 15-74 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	17.1	15.9	14.6	12.7	11.6	11.5	11.3	10.6	9.3	8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25.9	22.6	19	17.3	13.8	14.2	14.4	12.6	10.9	10.1
Kosovo*	31.8	26.2	28.7	28.5	22.6	23.5	19.0	11.0	7.7	n/a
North Macedonia	26.8	24.4	22.7	21.6	16.6	16.9	16.6	15.7	14.3	13.3
Montenegro	17.8	18.3	15.4	15.3	14.7	17.5	17.1	16.2	12.2	10.8
Serbia	18.1	15.8	13.9	12.9	10.7	9.5	10.3	9.1	9.1	8.4
Western Balkans Average	22.9	20.5	19.1	18.1	15.0	15.5	14.8	12.5	10.6	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.3	8.4	7.4	6.6	6.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.1	9.0	8.0	7.1	6.5	7.0	6.8	5.9	5.8	5.7

 

Indicator	Unemployment rate  % of labour force 15-74 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	17.1	14.4	12.6	11.9	11.4	11.9	11.8	11.4	9.8	9.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30.9	30.2	23.3	20.5	19.0	18.6	22.0	19.8	16.7	16.6
Kosovo*	36.6	31.8	36.6	33.4	34.4	32.3	25.0	16.5	18.2	n/a
North Macedonia	25.1	22.8	21.6	19.1	17.9	15.1	13.6	12.5	11.3	11.1
Montenegro	17.3	17.1	17.0	15.1	15.7	18.4	15.9	12.8	14.0	12.2
Serbia	20.2	17.4	15.5	14.8	12.1	10.2	12.2	10.1	9.9	8.9
Western Balkans Average	24.5	22.3	21.1	19.1	18.4	17.8	16.8	13.8	13.3	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.5	8.8	7.9	7.1	6.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.3	9.5	8.6	7.7	7.2	7.6	7.4	6.5	6.4	6.2

 

Indicator	Activity rate % of population 15-64
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	64.2	66.2	66.8	68.3	69.6	69.1	69.3	73.2	75.4	75.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	54.6	54.2	54.5	54.2	55.5	58.2	59.1	59.1	59.8	61.8
Kosovo*	37.6	38.7	42.8	40.9	40.5	38.3	39.3	38.6	40.7	n/a
North Macedonia	64.9	64.5	51.5	53.6	54.7	57.1	55.7	66.4	65.4	66.0
Montenegro	62.6	63.4	63.5	64.7	66.2	61.5	59.2	67.7	71.7	72.6
Serbia	63.9	65.6	66.7	68.0	68.2	67.9	69.7	70.9	71.7	72.7
Western Balkans Average	58.0	58.8	57.6	58.3	59.1	58.7	58.7	62.7	64.1	n/a
EU Average (28)	72.5	72.9	73.3	73.7	74	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	71.5	71.9	72.4	72.8	73.2	72.4	73.6	74.5	75.0	75.4

 

Indicator	Activity rate % of population 15-64 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	73.4	74.1	75.8	76.9	77.6	77.1	77.3	80.0	81.0	82.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	66.2	66.2	66.1	66.4	66.4	70.4	71.4	71.8	72.3	74.0
Kosovo*	56.7	58.3	65.3	63.3	59.7	56.0	56.6	55.5	57.8	n/a
North Macedonia	77.5	77.8	67.3	71.0	70.4	73.3	72.8	78.4	76.0	76.2
Montenegro	68.3	70.2	70.5	72.3	73.3	68.3	65.5	73.9	77.0	78.6
Serbia	72.4	73.6	74.4	75.8	75.7	75.4	76.8	77.8	77.8	78.6
Western Balkans Average	69.1	70.0	69.9	71.0	70.5	70.1	70.1	72.9	73.7	n/a
EU Average (28)	78.3	78.5	78.8	79.2	79.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	77.1	77.4	77.8	78.2	78.5	77.6	78.7	79.4	79.8	80.0

 

Indicator	Activity rate % of population 15-64 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	55.1	58.3	57.7	59.7	61.6	61.2	61.4	66.7	69.8	69.3
Bosnia and Herzegovina	42.9	41.9	42.7	41.8	44.4	46.1	46.7	46.3	47.0	49.3
Kosovo*	18.1	18.6	20.0	18.4	21.1	20.8	22.0	22.0	24.2	n/a
North Macedonia	52.0	50.8	35.9	36.6	39.3	41.3	39.2	54.3	54.7	55.7
Montenegro	56.9	56.6	56.5	57.2	59.1	54.7	52.9	61.4	66.3	66.4
Serbia	55.4	57.6	59.0	60.2	60.8	60.4	62.6	64.0	65.6	66.9
Western Balkans Average	46.7	47.3	45.3	45.7	47.7	47.4	47.5	52.5	54.6	n/a
EU Average (28)	66.8	67.3	67.8	68.2	68.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	65.9	66.5	67.0	67.4	67.9	67.1	68.5	69.5	70.2	70.7

 

Indicator	Youth unemployment rate % of labour force 15-24
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	39.8	36.5	31.9	28.3	27.2	26.5	27.1	24.9	24.5	22.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	62.3	54.3	45.8	38.8	33.8	36.6	38.3	35.1	30.1	30.2
Kosovo*	57.7	52.4	52.7	55.4	49.4	49.1	38.0	21.4	17.3	n/a
North Macedonia	47.3	48.2	47.8	44.9	36.6	36.4	36.1	32.5	29.3	29.0
Montenegro	37.6	35.9	31.7	29.4	25.2	36.0	37.1	29.4	23.3	26.0
Serbia	44.6	36.2	33.1	30.8	28.6	27.7	26.0	24.3	25.0	23.0
Western Balkans Average	48.2	43.9	40.5	37.9	33.5	35.4	33.8	27.9	24.9	n/a
EU Average (28)	20.4	18.7	16.9	15.2	14.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	22.4	20.7	18.5	16.7	15.6	17.5	16.7	14.5	14.5	14.9

 

Indicator	Youth unemployment rate % of labour force 15-24 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	39.2	37.4	34.1	29.6	27.8	27.0	25.5	24.1	22.7	22.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	59.5	52.0	43.1	35.4	31.3	32.5	34.5	31.2	28.5	27.5
Kosovo*	54.2	47.2	48.4	51.5	44.1	45.2	33.7	18.6	14.4	n/a
North Macedonia	49.7	47.9	46.5	46.2	34.9	34.9	34.1	29.5	28.7	29.6
Montenegro	39.9	36.9	30.7	33.3	25.8	33.6	40.0	34.1	20.0	26.5
Serbia	41.1	33.1	30.0	29.1	26.9	25.8	24.2	23.3	23.8	23.0
Western Balkans Average	47.3	42.4	38.8	37.5	31.8	33.2	32.0	26.8	23.0	n/a
EU Average (28)	21.1	19.4	17.5	15.8	14.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	22.6	20.8	18.7	16.9	15.7	17.4	16.6	14.5	14.9	15.1

 

Indicator	Youth unemployment rate % of labour force 15-24 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	40.8	34.9	27.7	26.0	26.3	25.9	29.2	25.9	27.2	22.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	67.3	58.9	51.4	45.5	37.9	42.8	44.5	42.1	33.2	35.6
Kosovo*	67.2	65.4	63.5	64.7	60.3	57.2	46.5	27.0	22.8	n/a
North Macedonia	43.3	48.8	50.2	42.6	39.4	38.9	39.6	38.2	30.6	28.1
Montenegro	34.5	34.6	33.1	23.6	24.3	39.7	32.7	22.3	27.7	25.3
Serbia	50.5	41.5	38.1	33.7	31.5	31.0	28.9	26.0	27.0	23.1
Western Balkans Average	50.6	47.4	44.0	39.4	36.6	39.3	36.9	30.2	28.1	n/a
EU Average (28)	19.5	17.9	16.1	14.6	13.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	22.1	20.5	18.3	16.4	15.6	17.7	16.8	14.5	14.0	14.6

 

Indicator	Long term unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	11.3	10.1	8.9	8.3	7.3	7.0	7.2	7.3	6.8	6.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	22.6	21.6	16.9	15.2	11.9	11.8	13.7	11.6	9.7	9.3
Kosovo*	74.5	65.5	65.5	58.4	63.6	71.7	70.8	65.1	71.1	n/a
North Macedonia	21.3	19.1	17.4	15.5	12.4	12.4	12.5	11.5	9.7	8.6
Montenegro	13.5	13.4	12.5	11.4	12.0	13.4	11.0	10.2	9.4	8.5
Serbia	10.7	9.2	7.3	6.6	5.4	4.4	5.0	3.9	3.8	3.4
Western Balkans Average	25.7	23.2	21.4	19.2	18.8	20.1	20.0	18.3	18.4	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	4.9	4.3	3.7	3.1	2.7	2.5	2.8	2.4	2.1	1.9

 

Indicator	Long term unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	11.2	10.3	9.2	8.3	7.3	6.9	6.9	7.2	6.7	5.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	81.8	85.1	81	81.4	75.3	n/a	11.0	9.1	7.6	6.8
Kosovo*	73.9	65.6	65.6	61.3	61.8	72.1	71.2	69.2	73.5	n/a
North Macedonia	22.1	19.9	17.6	15.7	12.4	12.7	13.3	12.4	10.8	9.1
Montenegro	13.6	13.9	12.2	11.3	11.4	12.8	11.7	11.7	9.0	7.6
Serbia	9.4	8.2	6.4	5.7	4.6	3.9	4.3	3.3	3.2	3.1
Western Balkans Average	35.3	33.8	32.0	30.6	28.8	n/a	19.7	18.8	18.5	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	4.9	4.2	3.6	3.1	2.6	2.4	2.6	2.2	2.0	1.8

 

Indicator	Long term unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	11.3	9.8	8.4	8.3	7.3	7.1	7.7	7.5	6.8	7.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	81.6	85	83.6	83.6	76.8	n/a	17.8	15.6	13.1	13.0
Kosovo*	75.9	65.0	65.0	50.1	66.9	71.0	70.0	58.4	68.8	n/a
North Macedonia	20.1	17.8	17.1	15.1	12.4	11.9	11.2	10.2	8.1	7.8
Montenegro	13.3	12.9	12.8	11.6	12.7	14.0	10.2	8.4	9.9	9.6
Serbia	12.4	10.5	8.4	7.8	6.4	5.0	5.8	4.6	4.5	3.9
Western Balkans Average	35.8	33.5	32.6	29.4	30.4	n/a	20.4	17.5	18.5	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	4.9	4.3	3.7	3.2	2.8	2.6	2.9	2.5	2.2	2.0

 

Indicator	Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 from 0-11 months
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	12.0	11.9	10.3	12.4	12.3	10.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	13.1	14.3	12.8	14.8	12.7	9.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	12.8	13.7	14.7	14.8	14.1	12.5	13.3	13.4	13.3	12.3
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	12.7	13.0	13.3	13.3	13.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	12.3	12.7	13.0	13.1	13.0	11.6	12.4	13.6	13.2	12.4

 

Indicator	Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 from 12-23 months
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	8.5	8.2	8.4	10.8	10.3	10.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	7.0	8.2	8.7	7.4	8.9	9.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	6.9	7.3	8.0	9.0	9.1	9.1	8.6	8.5	8.7	8.8
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	8.5	8.9	9.2	9.4	9.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	8.1	8.4	8.8	9.0	9.2	9.1	8.3	8.3	9.5	9.6

 

Indicator	Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 from 24-59 months
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	16.1	18.1	18.9	16.0	18.1	18.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	13.4	13.9	15.1	16.6	17.6	19.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	13.2	14.0	13.7	14.0	15.6	16.6	17.1	17.7	16.6	17.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	15.4	15.5	15.8	16.7	17.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	15.0	14.9	15.1	16.1	16.5	17.0	17.4	17.1	16.2	16.8

 

Indicator	Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 from 60 and over months
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	63.4	61.8	62.4	60.8	59.2	61.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	66.5	63.6	63.4	61.2	60.9	62.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	67.1	64.9	63.6	62.1	61.2	61.8	61.0	60.3	61.4	62.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	62.5	61.6	60.8	59.7	59.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	63.7	62.9	62.0	60.8	60.2	61.5	60.4	59.9	60.1	60.2

 

Indicator	Transition rates from temporary to permanent contracts % (3 year average)
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	22.3	17.6	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	53.7	52.9	52.5	51.5	52.4	46.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	n/a	27.2	26.9	24.7	26.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	n/a	32.1	33.7	35.8	38.8	43.4	45.6	50.9	51.5	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	23.2	24.1	24.7	25.5	26.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	21.8	22.8	23.6	24.5	25.6	27.1	30.3	33.0	36.3	n/a

 

Indicator	Transition rates from temporary to permanent contracts % (3 year average) Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	20.1	17.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	55.4	53.1	51.4	49.3	50.7	46.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	n/a	27.8	26.4	23.9	25.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	n/a	27.8	31.3	34.4	37.0	41.8	45.5	51.6	50.0	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	23.4	24.9	25.4	26.0	26.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	21.8	23.5	24.3	25.0	25.4	26.5	29.8	33.1	36.9	n/a

 

Indicator	Transition rates from temporary to permanent contracts % (3 year average) Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	26.1	18.3	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	51.5	52.7	53.7	54.2	54.4	46.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	n/a	26.4	27.6	25.8	27.5	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	n/a	37.7	36.8	37.7	41.1	45.3	45.8	50.0	53.4	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	23.0	23.4	24.0	25.1	26.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	21.8	22.1	22.8	23.9	25.8	27.7	30.7	33.0	35.6	n/a

 

Indicator	Real gross disposable income of households Per capita increase (Index = 2008)
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	91.5	91.7	91.4	100.8	104.9	111.3	121.0	123.8	123.2	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	101.0	103.0	104.4	106.2	108.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	99.8	102.0	103.8	105.5	107.8	107.8	110.5	110.5	111.0	113.6

 

Indicator	In-work-at-risk-of-poverty rate % population
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	17.9	16.5	14.6	12.7	12.6	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	24.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	17.8	19.5	15.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	8.9	9.0	9.0	8.8	8.5	7.9	8.9	8.9	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	7.7	7.6	7.6	7.3	9.0	9.8	6.5	5.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	13.3	11.9	10.8	10.0	8.5	7.8	6.2	6.0	5.8	5.9
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.5	9.6	9.4	9.4	9.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.7	9.8	9.5	9.3	9.0	8.8	8.9	8.5	8.3	8.2

 

In-work-at-risk-of-poverty rate % population Male

Indicator
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	18.6	16.9	15.4	14.3	14.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	17.9	19.6	15.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	10.3	10.6	10.8	10.6	10.6	10.2	11.6	12.0	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	9.6	10.0	8.8	9.3	11.7	12.1	8.4	6.9	n/a	n/a
Serbia	15.7	13.9	12.2	11.3	9.3	8.9	7.0	7.4	7.5	7.2
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	10.1	10.1	9.8	9.8	9.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.3	10.2	9.9	9.7	9.4	9.6	9.8	9.4	9.1	9.0

 

Indicator	In-work-at-risk-of-poverty rate % population Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	16.8	15.9	13.4	10.2	9.9	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	15.4	6.3	11.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	6.8	6.5	6.2	6.0	5.2	4.5	4.8	4.2	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	5.2	4.7	5.9	4.7	5.4	6.8	4.1	4.0	n/a	n/a
Serbia	10.3	9.3	9.1	8.3	7.4	6.4	5.2	4.2	3.6	4.4
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	8.7	9.1	9	8.9	8.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	8.9	9.2	9.0	8.7	8.5	7.9	7.9	7.6	7.4	7.3

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) % of population
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	69.7	58.5	53.9	50.7	46.2	46.6	44.5	42.1	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	27.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	41.2	39.2	36.9	35.3	34.1	32.6	31.0	33.0	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	43.8	43.1	42.2	41.2	36.5	37.8	38.9	34.1	31.0	n/a
Serbia	41.0	30.0	39.3	33.9	31.1	31.0	28.9	29.0	27.2	24.3
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	23.9	23.4	22.3	21.8	21.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	24.0	23.7	22.4	21.7	21.8	21.5	21.7	21.5	21.2	20.9

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) % of population
	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	23.7	23.4	23.0	21.8	22.0	20.6	19.7	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	16.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	13.3	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	22.1	21.5	21.9	22.2	21.9	21.6	21.8	23	22.9	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	24.1	24.4	24.0	23.6	23.8	24.5	22.6	21.2	20.3	20.1	n/a
Serbia	25.0	26.7	25.9	25.7	24.3	23.0	22.4	21.4	20.2	19.9	19.7
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	17.2	17.3	17.3	16.9	17.1	16.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	17.3	17.4	17.5	16.9	16.8	16.5	16.7	16.8	16.5	16.2	16.2

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) % of population Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	23.5	23	22.2	21.4	21.5	20.1	19.3	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	21.5	22.1	22.4	21.8	21.1	21.7	23	23.1	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	24.4	24.5	24.2	24.1	24.9	23.0	21.1	20.0	20.2	n/a
Serbia	27.5	26.3	25.4	24.6	22.7	22.1	20.6	19.6	19.7	19.5
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	16.9	16.6	16.2	16.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	17.0	16.8	16.3	16.2	15.8	15.9	16.0	15.6	15.4	15.5

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) % of population Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	23.9	23.8	23.8	22.3	22.5	21.1	20.2	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	21.5	21.6	22.0	22.0	22.0	21.9	23	22.6	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	24.5	23.6	23.0	23.5	24.0	22.2	21.3	20.6	19.9	n/a
Serbia	26.0	25.5	26.0	24.0	23.3	22.8	22.1	20.8	20.1	20
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	17.7	17.9	17.6	17.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	17.8	18.2	17.5	17.5	17.1	17.5	17.5	17.4	16.9	16.9

 

Indicator	Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) % of population
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	51.4	46.7	42.5	38.9	39.0	37.0	34.8	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	29.1	27.5	24.6	22.6	22.1	17.8	15.2	18.2	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	32.3	29.7	28.7	27.7	21.0	23.0	24.0	18.0	12.3	n/a
Serbia	25.1	n/a	22.8	17.4	14.9	15.2	14.2	14.8	13.6	10.3
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.3	8.7	7.5	6.8	6.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.7	9.0	7.8	7.1	6.7	6.7	6.3	6.7	6.8	6.4

 

Indicator	Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) % of population Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	49.1	44.4	40.4	36.8	36.7	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	28.4	27.4	24.0	22.2	21.6	17.6	15.4	17.8	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	31.0	28.8	27.9	26.3	19.6	21.8	23.3	17.3	n/a	n/a
Serbia	24.6	n/a	21.5	16.8	14.1	14.3	13.0	13.7	12.5	9.9
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.1	8.4	7.3	6.7	6.2	6.4	6.0	6.3	6.5	6.2

 

Indicator	Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) % of population Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	53.8	49.1	44.5	41.0	41.3	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	29.7	27.6	25.1	23.1	22.6	18.0	15.1	18.6	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	33.5	30.5	29.5	29.0	22.3	24.2	24.7	18.6	n/a	n/a
Serbia	25.6	n/a	24.1	18.0	15.6	16.1	15.4	15.9	14.6	10.6
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.2	9.5	8.3	7.6	7.1	7.1	6.5	7.0	7.2	6.6

 

Indicator	Persons living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population <65
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	13.3	12.9	11.8	11.3	11.6	10.4	9.3	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	17.6	16.4	16.9	16.2	13.5	14.8	13.7	13.9	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	22.2	23.3	23.2	22.6	17.5	14.0	20.4	20.9	n/a	n/a
Serbia	20.2	20.8	20.3	17.5	17.1	16.8	15.7	13.3	12.6	9.3
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	10.3	10.1	9.2	8.5	8.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.1	10.0	9.1	8.5	8.0	8.3	9.0	8.3	8.0	7.9

 

Indicator	Persons living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population <65 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	12.9	12.6	11.0	10.5	11.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	17.4	16.4	16.5	15.8	13.1	14.7	13.5	13.3	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	22.4	23.8	23.5	22.7	17.1	13.6	20.1	21.0	n/a	n/a
Serbia	21.7	22.0	21.1	18.3	17.2	17.0	15.3	13.3	12.8	9.6
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.8	9.6	8.9	8.1	7.6	7.9	8.6	7.9	7.7	7.5

 

Indicator	Persons living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population <65 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	13.8	13.2	12.6	12.1	12.0	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	17.8	16.3	17.3	16.5	13.8	14.9	14.0	14.5	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	22.1	22.8	22.9	22.5	17.9	14.5	20.7	20.8	n/a	n/a
Serbia	18.5	19.5	19.5	16.6	16.9	16.7	16.2	13.4	12.4	9.1
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	10.4	10.4	9.4	8.9	8.5	8.7	9.4	8.6	8.3	8.3

 

Indicator	Severe housing deprivation % of owners with mortgage or loan
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	5.5	6.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	16.8	13.2	5.6	10.1	4.7	2.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	16.7	9.5	22.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	15.8	11.8	7.8	0.0	1.4	2.2	n/a	n/a	5.2	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	1.9	1.6	1.3	1.5	1.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	2.1	1.8	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6	n/a	n/a	1.7	n/a

 

Indicator	Severe housing deprivation % of renters at market price
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	16.4	13.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	3.1	13.1	23.9	3.1	18.7	12.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	28.9	28.4	21.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	16.6	10.7	20.1	14.0	16.0	9.8	n/a	n/a	11.9	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	6.3	6.4	5.1	5.7	5.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	6.5	6.6	5.6	6.1	5.4	5.8	n/a	n/a	6.5	n/a

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty rate or exclusion of children % of population 0-17
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	62.0	57.7	53.7	51.0	50.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	47.0	45.2	44.1	42.2	38.4	39.7	40.5	42.8	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	51.0	48.9	49.0	48.5	43.5	45.8	45.5	40.4	38.2	n/a
Serbia	42.4	34.5	41.0	35.9	33.6	31.5	27.2	28.0	25.7	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	27.9	27.3	25.6	24.7	22.8	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	27.4	27.1	25.1	23.9	23.6	24.0	24.4	24.6	24.7	n/a

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) for children % of population 0-17
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	29.6	29.6	29.7	28.4	28.5	27.4	26.5	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	30.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	28.6	28.6	29.9	29.3	27.8	30.3	32.7	32.2	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	32.6	30.9	31.7	32.4	33.7	32.6	30.5	28.4	27.3	n/a
Serbia	31.1	30.2	30.5	28.8	28.4	24.4	20.3	19.9	19.5	21.1
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	21.2	21.0	20.2	20.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	21.4	21.4	20.0	19.6	18.5	19.2	19.5	19.3	19.4	19.3

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) for children % of population 0-17 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	27.7	28.7	27.9	26.7	26.8	26.3	25.7	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	29.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	28.6	29.3	30.2	28.7	25.9	30.4	32.7	32.7	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	31.0	31.6	31.9	31.9	32.9	32.4	29.0	27.1	n/a	n/a
Serbia	31.2	30.1	31.0	30.1	28.2	24.2	19.8	19.8	19.1	21.1
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	21.0	20.4	19.9	20.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	21.4	22.0	20.4	19.6	18.4	19.1	19.5	19.5	19.4	19.3

 

Indicator	At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) for children % of population 0-17 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	31.8	30.6	31.7	30.1	30.2	28.6	27.3	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	30.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	28.6	27.8	29.6	29.8	29.8	30.2	32.8	31.5	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	34.3	30.1	31.5	33.0	34.6	32.9	32.2	29.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	30.9	30.3	30.0	27.5	28.5	24.5	20.8	20.0	19.9	21.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	21.4	21.5	20.5	20.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	21.4	22.0	20.4	19.6	18.4	19.1	19.5	19.5	19.4	19.3

 

Indicator	Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) for children % of population 0-17
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	53.7	49.8	44.3	42.4	41.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	32.1	32.4	29.9	27.9	24.2	20.3	19.0	25.2	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	38.3	34.2	33.9	32.9	24.6	25.7	27.9	22.9	n/a	n/a
Serbia	24.3	n/a	20.7	17.4	15.4	13.5	12.3	13.3	12.5	7.5
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	11.9	11.3	9.2	8.3	7.5	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	11.8	11.1	9.3	8.2	7.5	8.2	7.4	8.3	8.4	7.9

 

Indicator	Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) for children % of population 0-17 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	52.1	48.6	43.5	41.6	39.8	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	32.6	32.0	29.3	28.4	24.4	20.7	20.0	26.3	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	37.6	34.8	33.7	31.4	23.8	25.0	26.3	22.8	n/a	n/a
Serbia	25.4	n/a	22.2	18.7	15.1	12.4	10.9	12.4	12.3	8.2
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	11.8	10.8	9.0	8.1	7.6	8.2	7.5	8.4	8.5	8.1

 

Indicator	Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) for children % of population 0-17 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	55.4	51.2	45.2	43.2	42.6	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	31.6	32.8	30.4	27.4	24.0	19.8	17.9	23.9	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	39.0	33.6	34.1	34.6	25.4	26.4	29.6	23.1	n/a	n/a
Serbia	23.3	n/a	19.2	16.1	15.8	14.6	13.8	14.2	12.6	6.8
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	11.9	11.4	9.5	8.2	7.5	8.1	7.4	8.2	8.3	7.7

 

Indicator	Children living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population 0-17
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	12.2	12.8	11.2	11.9	11.3	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	18.6	18.1	19.9	17.9	13.2	15.5	16.0	15.4	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	23.5	23.7	24.7	25.2	17.7	14.0	21.4	23.5	n/a	n/a
Serbia	19.8	20.7	19.1	16.3	15.6	15.3	13.9	11.0	10.0	8.3
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.3	9.2	8.1	7.3	6.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	8.4	8.6	7.6	7.0	6.4	7.6	8.3	7.6	7.5	7.4

 

Indicator	Children living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population 0-17 Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	11.6	12.4	10.3	11.4	11.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	18.1	19.0	20.9	18.5	12.7	16.6	16.5	16.6	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	23.7	24.5	24.0	24.5	17.2	13.7	20.8	24.1	n/a	n/a
Serbia	21.4	21.4	19.4	17.2	15.3	15.2	12.3	10.7	10.5	8.9
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	8.4	8.8	7.7	6.9	6.5	7.7	8.4	7.7	7.6	7.4

 

Indicator	Children living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population 0-17 Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	12.9	13.2	12.2	12.4	11.5	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	19.1	17.0	18.8	17.3	13.8	14.2	15.5	14.1	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	23.4	22.9	25.5	26.1	18.2	14.4	22.0	22.9	n/a	n/a
Serbia	18.2	20.0	18.9	15.4	16.0	15.3	15.7	11.3	9.4	7.6
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	8.4	8.4	7.6	7.1	6.3	7.4	8.2	7.6	7.4	7.3

 

Indicator	Impact of social transfers (other than pensions) on poverty reduction % reduction of AROP
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	12.55	11.03	11.88	12.10	12.70	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	5.42	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	13.31	14.79	14.29	14.79	14.96	15.18	11.88	13.58	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	17.01	17.24	24.84	23.72	16.95	18.71	22.06	22.52	n/a	n/a
Serbia	20.06	21.28	18.67	17.91	18.44	18.84	26.71	22.61	23.8	20.2
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	33.72	33.20	33.98	32.94	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	32.03	31.64	32.40	32.80	32.38	33.20	37.08	35.04	34.7	34.4

 

Indicator	Impact of social transfers (other than pensions) on poverty reduction % reduction of AROP Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	13.6	11.9	12.6	13.0	13.0	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	13.0	14.7	14.5	15.5	15.6	15.6	11.9	14.1	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	17.0	16.7	23.2	23.7	16.7	18.2	21.9	23.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	19.6	20.8	19.1	18.3	19.2	19.1	28.7	23.1	22.4	20.1
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	33.7	34.1	34.9	34.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	32.5	32.5	33.2	33.3	33.3	34.3	38.2	36.6	35.6	34.9

 

Indicator	Impact of social transfers (other than pensions) on poverty reduction % reduction of AROP Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	11.5	10.2	10.9	11.2	12.1	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	13.7	15.6	14.4	14.1	14.7	14.8	11.5	13.7	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	16.7	17.8	26.5	24.0	17.5	19.3	22.6	21.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	20.5	22.0	18.5	17.5	18.0	18.3	25.1	21.8	24.7	20.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	33.5	32.7	33.1	32.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	31.8	30.5	31.6	31.6	31.9	32.2	36.1	33.8	34.5	34.0

 

Indicator	General government expenditure by function: social protection % of GDP
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	9.5	9.1	9.0	8.9	11	10.1	9.3	8.9	9.8
Bosnia and Herzegovina	11.7	12.5	13.0	13.9	13.2	14.0	13.9	13.4	13.9	14.6
Kosovo*	5.1	6.4	6.3	6.5	6.9	8.3	7.6	3.7	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	n/a	n/a	n/a	11.5	11.9	2.4	12.7	12.2	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	14.3	13.7	13.1	n/a	n/a	13.9	12.1	12.8	12.9	12.3
Serbia	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	14.4	14.7	13.6	12.8	13.3	13.8
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	10.7	11.7	10.7	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	19.0	19.0	18.7	18.6	18.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	19.6	19.6	19.3	19.1	19.2	21.8	20.2	19.3	19.2	n/a

 

Indicator	General government expenditure by function: healthcare % of GDP
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	2.7	2.8	2.9	3.0	2.9	3.2	3.2	3.0	2.9	3.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	6.5	6.5	5.1	5.5	5.2	6.7	7.1	7.1	6.6	6.9
Kosovo*	2.8	2.8	2.8	3.0	2.8	3.4	3.5	1.3	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	4.1	4.1	3.8	4.9	5.0	6.3	6.6	5.5	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	4.9	4.7	4.5	n/a	n/a	7.2	6.8	6.6	5.8	5.5
Serbia	5.1	4.9	4.7	5.1	5.3	7.1	10.1	7.0	6.7	6.6
Western Balkans Average	4.3	4.3	4.0	n/a	n/a	5.7	6.2	5.1	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	7.2	7.1	7	7.1	7.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	7.0	6.9	6.9	6.9	7.0	8.0	8.0	7.6	7.3	n/a

 

Indicator	General government expenditure by function: education % of GDP
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	3.4	4.0	2.4	2.5	2.4	3.3	2.4	2.9	3.0	3.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4.1	4.1	3.4	3.6	3.4	4.3	4.4	4.3	4.1	4.3
Kosovo*	4.5	4.6	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.3	4.3	1.6	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	n/a	n/a	n/a	3.5	3.8	3.9	4.0	3.9	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	4.6	4.4	4.2	n/a	n/a	4.8	4.3	4.3	3.9	3.7
Serbia	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.6	3.3	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.6	4.0
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	4.0	3.8	3.5	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	4.9	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.9	4.8	4.6	4.7	n/a

 

Indicator	Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	0.44	0.42	0.43	0.39	0.37	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	0.18	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	0.70	0.72	0.70	0.68	0.65	0.65	0.65	0.61	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	0.41	0.42	0.42	0.46	0.43	0.45	0.39	0.38	n/a	n/a
Serbia	0.45	0.47	0.46	0.45	0.43	0.49	0.45	0.46	0.48	0.48
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	0.57	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.57	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	0.59	0.59	0.60	0.59	0.57	0.57	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.61

 

Indicator	Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	0.39	0.39	0.39	0.38	0.39	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	0.71	0.70	0.74	0.70	0.69	0.65	0.64	0.59	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	0.47	0.41	0.43	0.50	0.45	0.48	0.40	0.41	n/a	n/a
Serbia	0.57	0.56	0.55	0.50	0.47	0.51	0.49	0.45	0.48	0.48
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	0.57	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.57	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	0.61	0.62	0.63	0.62	0.60	0.59	0.62	0.62	0.60	0.63

 

Indicator	Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	0.86	0.67	0.54	0.43	0.38	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	0.66	0.71	0.66	0.62	0.60	0.62	0.61	0.59	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	0.36	0.35	0.36	0.45	0.42	0.44	0.36	0.35	n/a	n/a
Serbia	0.36	0.36	0.41	0.40	0.41	0.48	0.46	0.47	0.45	0.48
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	0.55	0.55	0.55	0.55	0.55	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	0.56	0.56	0.56	0.56	0.55	0.54	0.56	0.56	0.57	0.59

 

Indicator	Disability employment gap
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	18.1	16.9	18.7	13.3	14.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	19.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	27.3	28.4	29.4	27.1	28.6	33.7	34.1	31.3	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	19.9	16.6	25.8	21.2	18.7	28.0	31.1	33.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	25.1	27.3	25.4	27.2	35.9	34.7	38.7	35.8	41.0	35.5
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	24.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	23.8	24.2	23.5	23.5	24.4	24.4	23.1	21.4	21.5	24.0

 

Indicator	Disability employment gap Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	16.6	16.5	16.7	12.5	13.7	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	27.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	39.7	33.5	33.6	31.9	34.0	41.0	35.5	37.2	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	20.5	17.1	24.7	23.6	18.7	30.5	35.3	37.8	n/a	n/a
Serbia	28.7	28.9	24.8	29.4	38.8	39.8	44.3	43.1	46.2	41.2
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	26.6	26.9	25.8	25.9	26.9	26.7	25.2	23.3	23.2	27.2

 

Indicator	Disability employment gap Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	16.0	14.0	16.7	11.1	11.3	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	9.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	14.5	21.5	24.0	20.5	21.2	25.2	30.1	24.0	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	18.9	15.0	25.5	17.8	17.5	24.3	26.8	29.4	n/a	n/a
Serbia	21.5	25.2	25.1	24.4	32.2	29.1	32.9	28.4	35.8	29.9
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	20.7	21.0	20.7	20.7	21.5	21.6	20.4	18.9	19.1	20.4

 

Indicator	Disability employment gap Some
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	12.6	11.9	12.5	8.2	8.8	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	14.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	19.3	22.7	24.2	19.9	21.4	25.7	27.7	24.3	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	15.7	13.3	23.7	20.9	18.0	27.3	28.0	31.0	n/a	n/a
Serbia	23.1	23.8	22.2	25.6	31.5	31.4	35.3	28.4	38.2	29.9
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	17.2	17.8	17.4	16.3	17.0	17.4	16.1	14.5	14.4	16.0

 

Indicator	Disability employment gap Severe
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	41.9	35.9	43.3	35.7	33.9	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	37.8	39.1	38.6	38.4	41.7	48.2	45.6	44.7	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	26.6	23.2	29.2	21.7	19.7	28.8	33.7	38.7	n/a	n/a
Serbia	30.8	37.0	33.3	31.4	45.9	41.7	46.7	n/a	47.4	44.4
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	41.8	41.5	39.7	43.1	43.7	43.3	36.6	42.1	42.4	45.5

 

Indicator	Housing cost overburden % of population
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	9.2	6.0	5.5	3.8	3.3	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	11.3	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	12.3	12.5	11.7	10.2	9.9	8.5	7.8	8.9	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	16.8	16.5	15.1	14.7	11.7	9.4	8.0	5.8	n/a	n/a
Serbia	33.7	31.0	33.6	31.3	22.7	19.5	16.6	14.8	15.4	11.4
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	11.4	11.1	10.4	10.3	10.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	11.2	10.9	10.1	9.6	9.4	7.8	8.7	8.7	8.8	8.2

 

Indicator	Children aged less than 3 years in formal childcare  % of under 3-years-olds
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	8.1	19.5	27.5	21.6	14.9	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	2.3	4.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	6.1	9.1	10.3	8.8	13.0	6.3	7.7	14.4	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	0.9	9.9	14.6	15.2	17.6	13.7	8.8	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	14.0	18.1	14.5	13.3	18.0	18.8	18.0	22.7	21.1	23.1
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	30.2	32.8	34.3	35.1	35.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	30.0	33.4	34.2	34.7	35.0	30.2	37.9	35.8	37.5	39.2

 

Indicator	Self-reported unmet need for medical care % of population 16+
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	13.1	14.8	14.6	10.6	10.7	10.2	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	5.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	9.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	2.9	2.9	2.5	2.3	2.5	1.7	1.1	3.0	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	4.4	2.7	2.7	2.3	3.1	2.1	1.6	2.6	1.9	n/a
Serbia	6.3	4.5	4.8	5.8	4.9	4.0	5.5	3.3	5.0	6.8
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	3.3	2.6	1.7	2.0	1.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	3.3	2.8	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.4	2.5

 

Indicator	Self-reported unmet need for medical care % of population 16+ Male
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	12.3	13.3	13.3	9.4	9.0	9.1	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	2.5	2.6	2.4	2.0	2.6	1.7	1.1	2.6	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	3.6	2.3	2.1	1.9	2.9	1.5	1.5	2.1	1.6	n/a
Serbia	5.6	3.9	4.3	5.5	4.6	3.7	4.9	2.7	4.5	5.8
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	2.8	2.2	1.4	1.6	1.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	2.9	2.3	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.8	1.9	2.1

 

Indicator	Self-reported unmet need for medical care % of population 16+ Female
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	n/a	n/a	14.0	16.3	15.9	11.8	12.3	11.3	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	3.2	3.2	2.5	2.6	2.4	1.8	1.1	3.3	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	5.1	3.2	3.2	2.8	3.4	2.7	1.8	3.1	2.3	n/a
Serbia	7.0	5.0	5.3	6.1	5.2	4.3	6.1	3.9	5.6	7.7
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	3.7	2.9	2.0	2.3	2.2	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	3.8	3.2	1.9	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.6	2.8	2.8

 

Indicator	Out-of-pocket expenditure on healthcare  % of total health expenditure
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	43.3	41.8	44.5	44.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	28.8	28.6	29.1	29.3	29.4	28.9	30.7	30.9	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	34.3	35.3	42.4	42.1	40.4	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	n/a	n/a	n/a	39.6	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	40.6	40.5	40.6	38.3	n/a	n/a	35.8	36.5	n/a	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	15.82	15.71	15.8	15.72	15.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	16.0	15.8	15.8	15.7	15.7	14.4	14.5	14.3	n/a	n/a

 

Indicator	Healthy life years at age 65: Women
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	17.8	18.3	18.0	18.5	18.7	17.7	15.8	18.4	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	16.1	n/a	n/a	n/a	16.3	16.2	15.6	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	16.2	16.5	16.6	17.1	16.9	15.7	14.9	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	17.2	17.3	17.7	17.6	17.8	17.3	15.5	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	16.8	17.1	17.0	17.2	17.3	16.5	15.1	16.6	n/a	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.4	10.1	10.2	10.0	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.3	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.4	10.1	9.9	9.2	n/a	n/a

 

Indicator	Healthy life years at age 65: Men
	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Albania	16.4	16.9	17.0	17.2	17.5	15.6	13.9	17.1	n/a	n/a
Bosnia and Herzegovina	13.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	14.1	13.4	12.7	n/a	n/a	n/a
Kosovo*	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
North Macedonia	14.3	14.5	14.6	14.9	14.9	13.0	12.5	n/a	n/a	n/a
Montenegro	15.0	14.6	15.0	15.1	15.1	13.9	12.2	n/a	n/a	n/a
Serbia	14.4	14.6	14.5	14.7	14.8	13.4	12.2	14.0	n/a	n/a
Western Balkans Average	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (28)	9.3	9.8	9.8	9.9	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a
EU Average (27)	9.2	9.7	9.7	9.8	10.2	9.5	9.5	8.9	n/a	n/a