Data sources
Eurostat
National Statistics Office
ERPs
Authors' calculations/other reports
ILOSTAT
WiiW
OECD PISA
WHO
World Bank
ETF
DESI
Calculations made based on Eurostat data
| Indicator | Early leavers from education and training % of population 18-24 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 21.3 | 19.6 | 19.6 | 17.4 | 16.3 | 15.6 | 16.8 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 3.9 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | 12.7 | 12.2 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 7.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 6.7 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 11.4 | 9.9 | 8.5 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 5.7 | 4.6 | n/a |
| Serbia | 7.5 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 5.0 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | 9.9 | 9.5 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 7.2 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 11.0 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 11.0 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.6 |
| Indicator | Early leavers from education and training % of population 18-24 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 22.9 | 21.6 | 21.6 | 18.3 | 17.5 | 15.7 | 17.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 4.8 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 3.6 |
| Kosovo* | 11.8 | 11.0 | 11.4 | 9.3 | 8.0 | 7.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 4.9 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 5.4 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 10.0 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 7.7 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 7.4 | 5.9 |
| Western Balkans Average | 10.4 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.1 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 11.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 12.5 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 11.1 |
| Indicator | Early leavers from education and training % of population 18-24 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 19.6 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 16.4 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 16.6 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5.6 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 3.5 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.2 |
| Kosovo* | 17.5 | 14.6 | 13.1 | 9.9 | 8.4 | 8.4 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 6.6 | 6.8 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 8.7 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 12.9 | 10.9 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 5.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 7.2 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.1 |
| Western Balkans Average | 11.6 | 10.3 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 7.8 | 7.2 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.5 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 9.4 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 |
| Indicator | Adult participation in learning % of population 25-64 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 1.6 |
| Kosovo* | 4.9 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 5.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 3.0 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.7 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | n/a |
| Serbia | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 5.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 3.1 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.1 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 9.1 | 10.8 | 11.9 |
| Indicator | Adult participation in learning % of population 25-64 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2.0 | 1.4 |
| Kosovo* | 5.9 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 3.5 | 2.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 4.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 8.3 | 10.0 | 10.8 |
| Indicator | Adult participation in learning % of population 25-64 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 2.1 | 1.8 |
| Kosovo* | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 2.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 2.5 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.8 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 5.1 | 5.5 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 5.4 | 5.9 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 11.9 | 10.0 | 11.6 | 12.9 |
| Indicator | Tertiary education attainment % of population 30-34 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 22.1 | 20.9 | 23.5 | 27.3 | 31.3 | 33.2 | 32 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 28.8 | 28.5 |
| Kosovo* | 17.2 | 19.1 | 21.8 | 20.9 | n/a | 29.1 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 31.0 | 33.9 | 34.0 | 32.4 | 36.8 | 38.4 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 28.6 | 29.1 | 30.6 | 33.3 | 35.7 | 39.7 | 36.9 | n/a |
| Serbia | 28.9 | 29.9 | 31.4 | 32.8 | 33.5 | 33.0 | 35.3 | 35.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 38.7 | 39.2 | 39.9 | 40.7 | 41.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 37.3 | 37.8 | 38.6 | 39.4 | 40.3 | 41.0 | 41.9 | 42.8 |
| Indicator | Tertiary education attainment % of population 30-34 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 19.6 | 18.0 | 21.1 | 22.5 | 27.1 | 26.7 | 25.4 | 31.7 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 23.9 | 23.8 |
| Kosovo* | 19.5 | 18.9 | 22.4 | 20.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 29.9 | 31.8 | 30.0 | 29.3 | 35.4 | 35.1 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 23.1 | 24.5 | 24.6 | 26.4 | 32.1 | 34.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 24.2 | 24.7 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 26.9 | 27.1 | 27.7 | 28.8 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 34.0 | 34.4 | 34.9 | 35.7 | 36.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 32.5 | 32.7 | 33.3 | 34.1 | 35.1 | 36.0 | 36.6 | 37.4 |
| Indicator | Tertiary education attainment % of population 30-34 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 24.7 | 23.9 | 26 | 33.2 | 36.6 | 40 | 39.3 | 44.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 34 | 33.6 |
| Kosovo* | 14.7 | 19.4 | 21.2 | 20.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 32.2 | 35.9 | 37.7 | 35.5 | 38.1 | 41.7 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 34.5 | 33.8 | 36.8 | 40.4 | 39.4 | 45.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 33.7 | 35.3 | 37.7 | 39.4 | 40.4 | 39.1 | 43.2 | 41.8 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 43.4 | 43.9 | 44.9 | 45.8 | 46.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 42.2 | 42.9 | 43.9 | 44.8 | 45.6 | 46.1 | 47.2 | 48.2 |
| Indicator | Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills % of population 16-74 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 21.0 | n/a | 23.8 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 24.0 | n/a | 34.6 | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | 21.0 | n/a | 28.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | 50.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 47.2 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 37.0 | 34.0 | 32.0 | n/a | 32.0 | n/a | 35.6 | n/a |
| Serbia | 32.0 | n/a | 39.0 | n/a | 46.0 | n/a | 41.3 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 55.0 | 56.0 | 57.0 | n/a | 58.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 54.0 | 54.0 | 55.0 | n/a | 56.0 | n/a | 53.9 | n/a |
| Indicator | Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills % of population 16-74 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 23.0 | 24.0 | 24.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 29.0 | n/a | 36.4 | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | 24.0 | n/a | 30.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | 54.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 48.5 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 38.0 | 33.0 | 34.0 | n/a | 31.0 | n/a | 38.1 | n/a |
| Serbia | 35.0 | n/a | 42.0 | n/a | 49.0 | n/a | 43.9 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 58.0 | 58.0 | 60.0 | n/a | 60.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 57.0 | 57.0 | 58.0 | n/a | 58.0 | n/a | 55.6 | n/a |
| Indicator | Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills % of population 16-74 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 20.0 | 23.0 | 23.5 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 20.0 | n/a | 33.2 | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | 17.0 | n/a | 24.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | 42.0 | n/a | u | n/a | 45.7 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 36.0 | 35.0 | 31.0 | n/a | 32.0 | n/a | 31.1 | n/a |
| Serbia | 29.0 | n/a | 36.0 | n/a | 43.0 | n/a | 38.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 23.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 53.0 | 54.0 | 55.0 | n/a | 56.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 51.0 | 52.0 | 53.0 | n/a | 54.0 | n/a | 52.3 | n/a |
| Indicator | Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) % of population 15-24 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 29.6 | 27.0 | 25.9 | 26.5 | 25.5 | 26.6 | 24.0 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 28.1 | 27.0 | 24.5 | 22.1 | 21.2 | 22.0 | 19.9 | 19.8 |
| Kosovo* | 31.4 | 30.1 | 27.4 | 30.1 | 32.7 | 33.6 | 32.1 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 19.1 | 18.4 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 17.3 | 21.1 | 20.2 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 24.7 | 24.3 | 24.9 | 24.1 | 18.1 | 19.6 | 17.9 | n/a |
| Serbia | 20.1 | 17.7 | 17.2 | 16.5 | 15.3 | 15.9 | 16.4 | 13.0 |
| Western Balkans Average | 25.5 | 24.1 | 22.8 | 22.6 | 21.7 | 23.1 | 21.8 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 12.0 | 11.6 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 12.2 | 11.7 | 11.0 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 9.6 |
| Indicator | Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) % of population 15-24 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 28.2 | 26.8 | 24.7 | 25.4 | 25.8 | 27.1 | 22.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 29.7 | 28.6 | 24.7 | 22.6 | 20.7 | 20.3 | 19.5 | 19.4 |
| Kosovo* | 28.3 | 26.5 | 23.8 | 30.2 | 31.4 | 34.0 | 31.8 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 19.9 | 18.7 | 16.3 | 18.6 | 18.8 | 21.5 | 24.2 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 24.5 | 23.6 | 23.9 | 23.3 | 17.1 | 19.4 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 20.3 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 16.0 | 14.9 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 13.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | 25.2 | 23.6 | 21.8 | 22.7 | 21.5 | 23.2 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 11.8 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 9.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 12.1 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 9.5 |
| Indicator | Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) % of population 15-24 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 31.1 | 27.1 | 27.3 | 27.6 | 25.3 | 26.2 | 25.9 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 26.4 | 25.3 | 24.3 | 21.7 | 21.6 | 23.0 | 20.4 | 20.2 |
| Kosovo* | 34.9 | 34.2 | 31.4 | 30.0 | 34.2 | 33.2 | 32.4 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 18.3 | 18.0 | 17.1 | 13.6 | 15.8 | 20.6 | 15.9 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 24.9 | 25.1 | 25.9 | 25.1 | 19.2 | 19.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 19.8 | 18.3 | 17.3 | 17.0 | 15.8 | 14.8 | 15.9 | 12.6 |
| Western Balkans Average | 25.9 | 24.7 | 23.9 | 22.5 | 22.0 | 22.9 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 12.3 | 11.9 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 12.3 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 9.7 |
| Indicator | Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) % of population 15-29 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 32.8 | 30.0 | 29.7 | 28.6 | 26.6 | 27.9 | 26.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 32.8 | 30.8 | 28.1 | 24.8 | 24.4 | 25.9 | 25.1 | 24.4 |
| Kosovo* | 38.7 | 37.5 | 35.1 | 37.4 | 40.0 | 40.4 | 40.4 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 23.4 | 22.3 | 21.4 | 21.0 | 21.3 | 26.6 | 26.5 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 32.5 | 31.3 | 31.1 | 29.8 | 24.5 | 26.2 | 24.2 | n/a |
| Serbia | 25.1 | 22.8 | 22.1 | 20.4 | 19.3 | 20.3 | 18.8 | 15.1 |
| Western Balkans Average | 30.9 | 29.1 | 27.9 | 27.0 | 26.0 | 27.9 | 26.9 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 14.8 | 14.2 | 13.4 | 12.9 | 12.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 15.5 | 14.8 | 14.0 | 13.3 | 12.8 | 13.9 | 13.1 | 11.7 |
| Indicator | Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) % of population 15-29 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 29.4 | 27.5 | 25.6 | 24.7 | 24.3 | 25.8 | 23.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 32.4 | 30.4 | 27.0 | 24.0 | n/a | 22.0 | 21.6 | 20.7 |
| Kosovo* | 33.2 | 30.6 | 27.8 | 32.2 | n/a | 38.0 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 22.8 | 21.6 | 20.3 | 21.2 | 21.0 | 26.2 | 28.3 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 29.9 | 28.7 | 26.7 | 25.9 | 20.9 | 23.6 | 22.4 | n/a |
| Serbia | 23.7 | 20.8 | 20.3 | 18.2 | 17.5 | 18.8 | 17.3 | 13.6 |
| Western Balkans Average | 28.6 | 26.6 | 24.6 | 24.4 | n/a | 25.7 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 13.0 | 12.3 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 10.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 13.9 | 13.0 | 12.1 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 12.5 | 11.8 | 10.4 |
| Indicator | Young people neither in employment nor in education and training (NEET) % of population 15-29 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 36.6 | 32.9 | 34.4 | 32.7 | 28.9 | 30 | 29.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 33.3 | 32.5 | 30.8 | 27.3 | n/a | 30.1 | 28.8 | 28.4 |
| Kosovo* | 44.8 | 43.8 | 42.6 | 38.6 | n/a | 43.0 | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 24.1 | 23.1 | 22.6 | 20.8 | 21.5 | 26.9 | 24.6 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 35.3 | 34.0 | 35.7 | 33.9 | 28.3 | 29.0 | 26.1 | n/a |
| Serbia | 26.6 | 24.8 | 23.9 | 22.7 | 21.2 | 21.9 | 20.4 | 16.8 |
| Western Balkans Average | 33.5 | 31.9 | 31.7 | 29.3 | n/a | 30.2 | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 16.7 | 16.3 | 15.4 | 15 | 14.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 17.1 | 16.7 | 16.0 | 15.3 | 14.7 | 15.5 | 14.5 | 13.0 |
| Indicator | Gender employment gap | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | 14.4 | 16.5 | 16.5 | 15.0 | 15.2 | 16.3 | 14.2 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | 24.4 | 23.0 | 23.7 | 23.6 | 24.9 | 26.9 | 29.3 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | 35.3 | 39.4 | 38.5 | 37.4 | 29.4 | n/a | |
| Montenegro | 10.3 | 11.7 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 11.1 | 8.4 |
| North Macedonia | 19.4 | 21.2 | 21.9 | 21.4 | 21.3 | 19.9 | 17.9 | 15.6 |
| Serbia | 15.9 | 15.1 | 14.7 | 15.4 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.9 | 13.9 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | 20.4 | 21.6 | 21.6 | 20.9 | 19.4 | 19.4 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 10.8 | 10.6 |
| Indicator | Gender gap in part-time employment | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | -11.4 | -8.3 | -8.7 | -8.2 | -8.1 | -7.8 | -9.6 | -8.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.4 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
| Kosovo* | -2.8 | -7.1 | -3.1 | -1.2 | -0.9 | -0.4 | -1.6 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 0.9 | -0.7 | -0.2 | -1.1 | -0.2 | -0.9 | 0.8 | -0.2 |
| North Macedonia | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
| Serbia | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
| Western Balkans Average | -1.5 | -1.5 | -1.0 | -0.7 | -0.5 | -0.4 | -1.0 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 23.3 | 23.2 | 22.9 | 22.7 | 22.7 | 21.1 | 20.6 | 20.2 |
| Indicator | Gender pay gap in unadjusted form % of average gross hourly earnings of men | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | 6.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | n/a | n/a | n/a | 9.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 16.4 | 16.1 | 15.7 | 15.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 15.5 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 14.4 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 12.7 | n/a |
| Indicator | Income inequality - quintile share ratio (S80/S20) | ||||||||
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | 7.5 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 |
| North Macedonia | 7.2 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 9.4 | 10.7 | 11.0 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.7 |
| Indicator | Income inequality - quintile share ratio (S80/S20) - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 7.4 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.7 |
| North Macedonia | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 6.0 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 11.4 | 12.1 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.9 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.8 |
| Indicator | Income inequality - quintile share ratio (S80/S20) - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 7.5 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 7.4 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.5 |
| North Macedonia | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 10.2 | 10.6 | 9.1 | 7.7 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.7 |
| Indicator | Employment rate % of population 20-64 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 59.3 | 62.1 | 63.9 | 65.6 | 67.1 | 66.3 | 66.3 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 43.2 | 44.2 | 46.6 | 47.7 | 49.7 | 52.5 | 52.6 | 54.0 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 56.7 | 57.1 | 58.2 | 59.8 | 60.8 | 55.2 | 54.2 | 64.5 |
| North Macedonia | 51.9 | 53.3 | 54.8 | 56.1 | 59.2 | 59.1 | 59.5 | 61.9 |
| Serbia | 54.7 | 57.6 | 60.0 | 61.6 | 63.6 | 64.3 | 66.7 | 69.3 |
| Western Balkans Average | 48.5 | 50.4 | 52.2 | 53.3 | 55.1 | 54.3 | 55.1 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 70.0 | 71.0 | 72.1 | 73.1 | 73.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 68.5 | 69.6 | 70.9 | 71.9 | 72.7 | 71.7 | 73.1 | 74.6 |
| Indicator | Employment rate % of population 20-64 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 68.1 | 69.4 | 72.1 | 73.9 | 74.7 | 74 | 74.6 | 77 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 53.9 | 56.4 | 58.1 | 59.5 | 61.6 | 64.9 | 66.0 | 68.6 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 61.9 | 63.0 | 65.2 | 66.7 | 67.5 | 61.7 | 59.8 | 69.7 |
| North Macedonia | 61.5 | 63.7 | 65.6 | 66.6 | 69.7 | 68.9 | 69.5 | 71.1 |
| Serbia | 62.7 | 65.2 | 67.3 | 69.3 | 70.9 | 71.6 | 74.2 | 76.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | 57.8 | 60.1 | 62.5 | 63.6 | 65.1 | 64.0 | 65.0 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 75.8 | 76.8 | 77.9 | 78.9 | 79.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 74.1 | 75.2 | 76.5 | 77.6 | 78.3 | 77.2 | 78.5 | 80.0 |
| Indicator | Employment rate % of population 20-64 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 50.7 | 55 | 55.6 | 57.4 | 59.7 | 58.8 | 58.3 | 62.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 32.4 | 32 | 35.1 | 35.8 | 38.0 | 40.0 | 39.1 | 39.3 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 51.6 | 51.3 | 51.4 | 52.9 | 54.2 | 48.8 | 48.7 | 60.3 |
| North Macedonia | 42.1 | 42.5 | 43.7 | 45.2 | 48.4 | 49.0 | 49.2 | 52.6 |
| Serbia | 46.8 | 50.1 | 52.6 | 53.9 | 56.3 | 57.0 | 59.3 | 62.3 |
| Western Balkans Average | 39.2 | 40.6 | 41.9 | 42.9 | 45.1 | 44.6 | 45.2 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 64.3 | 65.3 | 66.4 | 67.4 | 68.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 63.0 | 64.1 | 65.2 | 66.3 | 67.1 | 66.1 | 67.7 | 69.4 |
| Indicator | Unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | ||||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 27.9 | 25.5 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 15.9 | 15.9 | 17.4 | 14.8 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 17.6 | 17.8 | 16.1 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 17.9 | ||
| North Macedonia | 26.1 | 23.7 | 22.4 | 20.8 | 17.3 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 14.3 |
| Serbia | 19.0 | 16.5 | 14.6 | 13.8 | 11.3 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 9.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | 23.5 | 21.1 | 19.7 | 18.5 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 15.5 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.4 | 8.6 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 6.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.2 | 9.3 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.2 |
| Indicator | Unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | ||||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 25.9 | 22.6 | 19 | 17.3 | 13.8 | 14.2 | 14.4 | 12.1 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 17.8 | 18.3 | 15.4 | 15.3 | 14.7 | 17.5 | ||
| North Macedonia | 26.8 | 24.4 | 22.8 | 21.3 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 16.4 | 16.2 |
| Serbia | 18.1 | 15.8 | 13.9 | 12.9 | 10.7 | 9.5 | 10.2 | 9.1 |
| Western Balkans Average | 23.0 | 20.6 | 19.2 | 18.1 | 15.1 | 15.6 | 14.8 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.3 | 8.4 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 6.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.1 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 6.8 | 5.9 |
| Indicator | Unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | ||||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 30.9 | 30.2 | 23.3 | 20.5 | 19.0 | 18.6 | 22.0 | 19.3 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 17.3 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 15.1 | 15.7 | 18.4 | ||
| North Macedonia | 25.1 | 22.8 | 21.8 | 19.9 | 18.4 | 15.9 | 14.6 | 11.5 |
| Serbia | 20.2 | 17.4 | 15.5 | 14.8 | 12.1 | 10.2 | 12.1 | 9.9 |
| Western Balkans Average | 24.6 | 22.3 | 21.2 | 19.3 | 18.6 | 18.0 | 16.9 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.5 | 8.8 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 6.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.3 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 6.5 |
| Indicator | Activity rate % of population 15-64 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 64.2 | 66.2 | 66.8 | 68.3 | 69.6 | 69.1 | 69.3 | 72.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 54.6 | 54.2 | 54.5 | 54.2 | 55.5 | 58.2 | 59.11 | 58.84 |
| Kosovo* | 37.6 | 38.7 | 42.8 | 40.9 | 40.5 | 38.3 | 39.3 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 62.6 | 63.4 | 63.5 | 64.7 | 66.2 | 61.5 | 59.2 | 68.8 |
| North Macedonia | 64.9 | 64.5 | 65.3 | 65.4 | 66.3 | 65.5 | 65.5 | 66.4 |
| Serbia | 62.9 | 64.6 | 65.6 | 66.7 | 66.9 | 66.4 | 70.3 | 71.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | 57.8 | 58.6 | 59.8 | 60.0 | 60.8 | 59.8 | 60.5 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 72.5 | 72.9 | 73.3 | 73.7 | 74 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 71.5 | 71.9 | 72.4 | 72.8 | 73.2 | 72.4 | 73.6 | 74.5 |
| Indicator | Activity rate % of population 15-64 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 73.4 | 74.1 | 75.8 | 76.9 | 77.6 | 77.1 | 77.3 | 79.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 66.2 | 66.2 | 66.1 | 66.4 | 66.4 | 70.4 | 71.41 | 72.28 |
| Kosovo* | 56.7 | 58.3 | 65.3 | 63.3 | 59.7 | 56.0 | 56.6 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 68.3 | 70.2 | 70.5 | 72.3 | 73.3 | 68.3 | 65.5 | 75.2 |
| North Macedonia | 77.5 | 77.8 | 78.4 | 78.3 | 77.3 | 76.7 | 77.1 | 78 |
| Serbia | 71.2 | 72.4 | 73.0 | 74.2 | 74.0 | 73.6 | 77.5 | 78.3 |
| Western Balkans Average | 68.9 | 69.8 | 71.5 | 71.9 | 71.4 | 70.4 | 70.9 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 78.3 | 78.5 | 78.8 | 79.2 | 79.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 77.1 | 77.4 | 77.8 | 78.2 | 78.4 | 77.6 | 78.7 | 79.5 |
| Indicator | Activity rate % of population 15-64 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 55.1 | 58.3 | 57.7 | 59.7 | 61.6 | 61.2 | 61.4 | 66.1 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 42.9 | 41.9 | 42.7 | 41.8 | 44.4 | 46.1 | 46.66 | 45.21 |
| Kosovo* | 18.1 | 18.6 | 20.0 | 18.4 | 21.1 | 20.8 | 22.0 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 56.9 | 56.6 | 56.5 | 57.2 | 59.1 | 54.7 | 52.9 | 62.3 |
| North Macedonia | 52.0 | 50.8 | 51.7 | 52.2 | 54.8 | 54.0 | 53.4 | 54.8 |
| Serbia | 54.6 | 56.8 | 58.2 | 59.1 | 59.7 | 59.2 | 63.0 | 64.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | 46.6 | 47.2 | 47.8 | 48.1 | 50.1 | 49.3 | 49.9 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 66.8 | 67.3 | 67.8 | 68.2 | 68.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 65.9 | 66.5 | 67.0 | 67.4 | 67.9 | 67.1 | 68.5 | 69.6 |
| Indicator | Youth unemployment rate % of labour force 15-24 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 39.8 | 36.5 | 31.9 | 28.3 | 27.2 | 26.5 | 27.1 | 23.3 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 62.3 | 54.3 | 45.8 | 38.8 | 33.8 | 36.6 | 38.3 | 36.2 |
| Kosovo* | 57.7 | 52.4 | 52.7 | 55.4 | 49.4 | 49.1 | 38.0 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 37.6 | 35.9 | 31.7 | 29.4 | 25.2 | 36.0 | 37.1 | 21 |
| North Macedonia | 47.3 | 48.2 | 46.7 | 45.4 | 35.6 | 35.7 | 36.3 | 32.6 |
| Serbia | 44.6 | 36.2 | 33.1 | 30.8 | 28.6 | 27.7 | 26.4 | 24.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | 48.2 | 43.9 | 40.3 | 38.0 | 33.3 | 35.3 | 33.9 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 20.4 | 18.7 | 16.9 | 15.2 | 14.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 22.4 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 16.7 | 15.6 | 17.6 | 16.6 | 14.5 |
| Indicator | Youth unemployment rate % of labour force 15-24 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 39.2 | 37.4 | 34.1 | 29.6 | 27.8 | 27.0 | 25.5 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 59.5 | 52.0 | 43.1 | 35.4 | 31.3 | 32.5 | 34.5 | 31.8 |
| Kosovo* | 54.2 | 47.2 | 48.4 | 51.5 | 44.1 | 45.2 | 33.7 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 39.9 | 36.9 | 30.7 | 33.3 | 25.8 | 33.6 | 40.0 | 31.6 |
| North Macedonia | 49.7 | 47.9 | 45.7 | 46.6 | 33.4 | 34.0 | 33.5 | 28.8 |
| Serbia | 41.1 | 33.1 | 30.0 | 29.1 | 26.9 | 25.8 | 24.6 | 23.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | 47.3 | 42.4 | 38.7 | 37.6 | 31.6 | 33.0 | 32.0 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 21.1 | 19.4 | 17.5 | 15.8 | 14.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 22.6 | 20.8 | 18.7 | 16.9 | 15.7 | 17.4 | 16.5 | 14.6 |
| Indicator | Youth unemployment rate % of labour force 15-24 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 40.8 | 34.9 | 27.7 | 26.0 | 26.3 | 25.9 | 29.2 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 67.3 | 58.9 | 51.4 | 45.5 | 37.9 | 42.8 | 44.5 | 44.2 |
| Kosovo* | 67.2 | 65.4 | 63.5 | 64.7 | 60.3 | 57.2 | 46.5 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 34.5 | 34.6 | 33.1 | 23.6 | 24.3 | 39.7 | 32.7 | 4.9 |
| North Macedonia | 43.3 | 48.8 | 48.6 | 43.2 | 38.9 | 38.6 | 41.3 | 38.9 |
| Serbia | 50.5 | 41.5 | 38.1 | 33.7 | 31.5 | 31.0 | 29.5 | 26.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | 50.6 | 47.4 | 43.7 | 39.5 | 36.5 | 39.2 | 37.3 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 19.5 | 17.9 | 16.1 | 14.6 | 13.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 22.1 | 20.5 | 18.3 | 16.5 | 15.6 | 17.7 | 16.7 | 14.5 |
| Indicator | Long term unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 11.3 | 10.1 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 7.7 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 22.6 | 21.6 | 16.9 | 15.2 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 13.7 | 11.2 |
| Kosovo* | n/a | |||||||
| Montenegro | 13.5 | 13.4 | 12.5 | 11.4 | 12.0 | 13.4 | 11 | 9.9 |
| North Macedonia | 21.3 | 19.1 | 17.4 | 15.5 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.5 | n/a |
| Serbia | 11.0 | 9.5 | 7.4 | 6.7 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 3.8 |
| Western Balkans Average | 25.7 | 23.2 | 21.4 | 19.3 | 18.8 | 20.1 | 18.3 | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 4.9 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.4 |
| Indicator | Long term unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 65.8 | 64.9 | 63.3 | 65.6 | 63.1 | 59.7 | 60.5 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 81.8 | 85.1 | 81 | 81.4 | 75.3 | n/a | 76.1 | 72.3 |
| Kosovo* | 70.9 | 65.7 | 72.6 | 61.1 | 66.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 13.6 | 13.9 | 12.2 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 12.8 | 11.7 | 11.7 |
| North Macedonia | 22.1 | 19.9 | 17.6 | 15.7 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 13.3 | n/a |
| Serbia | 9.7 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 3.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | 44.0 | 43.0 | 42.2 | 40.2 | 39.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 4.9 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.2 |
| Indicator | Long term unemployment rate % of labour force 15-74 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 66.2 | 68.2 | 67.1 | 69.8 | 63.7 | 59.1 | 65.5 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 81.6 | 85 | 83.6 | 83.6 | 76.8 | n/a | 80.6 | 78.1 |
| Kosovo* | 75.3 | 64.9 | 68.9 | 50.2 | 74.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 11.6 | 12.7 | 14.0 | 10.2 | 7.6 |
| North Macedonia | 20.1 | 17.8 | 17.1 | 15.1 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 11.2 | n/a |
| Serbia | 12.7 | 10.7 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 4.5 |
| Western Balkans Average | 44.9 | 43.3 | 43.0 | 39.7 | 41.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 4.9 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.5 |
| Indicator | Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 from 0-11 months | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 13.1 | 14.3 | 12.8 | 14.8 | 12.7 | 9.2 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 12.0 | 11.9 | 10.3 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 10.4 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 12.8 | 13.7 | 14.7 | 14.8 | 14.1 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 13.2 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 12.7 | 13.0 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.0 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 13.6 |
| Indicator | Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 (from 12-23 months) | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 7.0 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 9.2 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 8.5 | 8.2 | 8.4 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 10.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 6.9 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 8.6 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 8.5 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 8.1 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 8.3 | 8.3 |
| Indicator | Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 (from 24-59 months) | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 13.4 | 13.9 | 15.1 | 16.6 | 17.6 | 19.1 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 16.1 | 18.1 | 18.9 | 16.0 | 18.1 | 18.1 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 13.2 | 14.0 | 13.7 | 14.0 | 15.6 | 16.6 | 17.2 | 17.8 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 15.4 | 15.5 | 15.8 | 16.7 | 17.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 15.0 | 14.9 | 15.1 | 16.1 | 16.5 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 17.1 |
| Indicator | Employment in current job by duration % of employed 20-64 (60 months or over) | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 66.5 | 63.6 | 63.4 | 61.2 | 60.9 | 62.4 | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 63.4 | 61.8 | 62.4 | 60.8 | 59.2 | 61.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 67.1 | 64.9 | 63.6 | 62.1 | 61.2 | 61.8 | 61.0 | 60.4 |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 62.5 | 61.6 | 60.8 | 59.7 | 59.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 63.7 | 62.9 | 62.0 | 60.8 | 60.2 | 61.4 | 60.5 | 60.0 |
| Indicator | Transition rates from temporary to permanent contracts % (3 year average) | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 22.3 | 17.6 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | 27.2 | 26.9 | 24.7 | 26.2 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 53.7 | 52.9 | 52.5 | 51.5 | 52.4 | 46.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | n/a | 32.1 | 33.7 | 35.8 | 38.8 | 43.3 | 45.5 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 23.2 | 24.1 | 24.7 | 25.5 | 26.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 21.8 | 22.8 | 23.6 | 24.5 | 25.6 | 27.1 | n/a | n/a |
| Indicator | Transition rates from temporary to permanent contracts % (3 year average) - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 20.1 | 17.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | 27.8 | 26.4 | 23.9 | 25.1 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 55.4 | 53.1 | 51.4 | 49.3 | 50.7 | 46.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | n/a | 27.8 | 31.3 | 34.4 | 36.9 | 41.5 | 45.3 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 23.4 | 24.9 | 25.4 | 26.0 | 26.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 21.8 | 23.5 | 24.3 | 25.0 | 25.4 | 26.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Indicator | Transition rates from temporary to permanent contract % (3 year average) - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 26.1 | 18.3 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | 26.4 | 27.6 | 25.8 | 27.5 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 51.5 | 52.7 | 53.7 | 54.2 | 54.4 | 46.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | n/a | 37.7 | 36.8 | 37.7 | 41.1 | 45.3 | 45.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 23.0 | 23.4 | 24.0 | 25.1 | 26.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 21.8 | 22.1 | 22.8 | 23.9 | 25.8 | 27.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Indicator | Real gross disposable income of households Per capita increase (Index = 2008) | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 101.0 | 103.0 | 104.4 | 106.2 | 108.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 99.8 | 102.0 | 103.7 | 105.7 | 107.8 | 107.8 | 110.2 | 109.9 |
| Indicator | In-work-at-risk-of-poverty rate % population | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 17.9 | 16.5 | 14.6 | 12.7 | 12.6 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 24.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | |||
| Montenegro | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 6.5 | 5.7 |
| North Macedonia | 8.9 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 7.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 13.3 | 11.9 | 10.8 | 10.0 | 9.2 | 7.8 | 6.4 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.5 |
| Indicator | In-work-at-risk-of-poverty rate % population - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 18.6 | 16.9 | 15.4 | 14.3 | 14.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | |||
| Montenegro | 9.6 | 10.0 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 8.4 | 6.9 |
| North Macedonia | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 15.7 | 13.9 | 12.2 | 11.3 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 7.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 10.1 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.3 |
| Indicator | In-work-at-risk-of-poverty rate % population - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 16.8 | 15.9 | 13.4 | 10.2 | 9.9 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | |||
| Montenegro | 5.2 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 4.1 | 4.0 |
| North Macedonia | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 4.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 10.3 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 5.7 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 8.7 | 9.1 | 9 | 8.9 | 8.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.5 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) % of population | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | 69.7 | 58.5 | 53.9 | 50.7 | 46.2 | 46.6 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 27.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 43.8 | 43.1 | 42.2 | 41.2 | 36.5 | 37.8 | 38.9 | 34.1 |
| North Macedonia | 41.2 | 39.2 | 36.9 | 35.3 | 34.1 | 32.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 41.0 | 30.0 | 39.3 | 33.9 | 31.1 | 29.8 | 28.4 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 23.9 | 23.4 | 22.3 | 21.8 | 21.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 24.0 | 23.7 | 22.4 | 21.7 | 21.1 | 21.6 | 21.7 | 21.6 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) % of population - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 56.7 | 52.2 | 48.6 | 44.2 | 44.5 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 42.8 | 42.9 | 42.2 | 40.3 | 35.8 | 37.2 | 38.1 | 33.2 |
| North Macedonia | 40.3 | 39.2 | 36.4 | 34.9 | 33.4 | 32.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 41.5 | 30.8 | 38.6 | 33.8 | 30.1 | 28.8 | 27.1 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 23.0 | 22.3 | 21.3 | 20.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 23.1 | 22.6 | 21.4 | 20.6 | 20.0 | 20.9 | 20.7 | 20.4 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate (AROPE) % of population - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 60.3 | 55.7 | 52.8 | 48.1 | 48.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 44.9 | 43.4 | 42.2 | 42.1 | 37.4 | 38.4 | 39.7 | 35.0 |
| North Macedonia | 42.1 | 39.2 | 37.4 | 35.6 | 34.9 | 32.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 40.6 | 29.1 | 40.1 | 34.1 | 32.1 | 30.7 | 29.6 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 24.8 | 24.5 | 23.3 | 22.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 24.9 | 24.7 | 23.4 | 22.7 | 22.1 | 22.9 | 22.6 | 22.7 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) % of population | ||||||||
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | 23.7 | 23.4 | 23.0 | 21.8 | 22.0 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 24.1 | 24.4 | 24.0 | 23.6 | 23.8 | 24.5 | 22.6 | 21.2 | 20.3 |
| North Macedonia | 22.1 | 21.5 | 21.9 | 22.2 | 21.9 | 21.6 | 21.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 25.0 | 26.7 | 25.9 | 25.7 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 21.7 | 21.2 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 17.1 | 16.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 17.3 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 16.9 | 16.8 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 16.5 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) % of population - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 23.5 | 23 | 22.2 | 21.4 | 21.5 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 24.4 | 24.5 | 24.2 | 24.1 | 24.9 | 23.0 | 21.1 | 20.0 |
| North Macedonia | 21.5 | 22.1 | 22.4 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 21.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 27.5 | 26.3 | 25.4 | 24.6 | 22.7 | 21.3 | 20.4 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 16.9 | 16.6 | 16.2 | 16.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 17.0 | 16.8 | 16.3 | 16.2 | 15.8 | 16.3 | 16.0 | 15.6 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) % of population - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 23.9 | 23.8 | 23.8 | 22.3 | 22.5 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 24.5 | 23.6 | 23.0 | 23.5 | 24.0 | 22.2 | 21.3 | 20.6 |
| North Macedonia | 21.5 | 21.6 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 21.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 26.0 | 25.5 | 26.0 | 24.0 | 23.6 | 22.1 | 21.9 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 17.7 | 17.9 | 17.6 | 17.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 17.8 | 18.1 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.1 | 17.8 | 17.4 | 17.3 |
| Indicator | Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) % of population | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 51.4 | 46.7 | 42.5 | 38.9 | 39.0 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 32.3 | 29.7 | 28.7 | 27.7 | 21.0 | 23.0 | 24.0 | 18.0 |
| North Macedonia | 29.1 | 27.5 | 24.6 | 22.6 | 22.1 | 17.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 25.1 | n/a | 22.8 | 17.4 | 14.3 | 14.1 | 13.3 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.3 | 8.7 | 7.5 | 6.8 | 6.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 9.7 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.7 |
| Indicator | Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) % of population - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 49.1 | 44.4 | 40.4 | 36.8 | 36.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 31.0 | 28.8 | 27.9 | 26.3 | 19.6 | 21.8 | 23.3 | 17.3 |
| North Macedonia | 28.4 | 27.4 | 24.0 | 22.2 | 21.6 | 17.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 24.6 | n/a | 21.5 | 16.8 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 12.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | n/a | 8.4 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.4 |
| Indicator | Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) % of population - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 53.8 | 49.1 | 44.5 | 41.0 | 41.3 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 33.5 | 30.5 | 29.5 | 29.0 | 22.3 | 24.2 | 24.7 | 18.6 |
| North Macedonia | 29.7 | 27.6 | 25.1 | 23.1 | 22.6 | 18.0 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 25.6 | n/a | 24.1 | 18.0 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 14.5 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 10.2 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 7.0 |
| Indicator | Persons living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population <65 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 13.3 | 12.9 | 11.8 | 11.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 22.2 | 23.3 | 23.2 | 22.6 | 17.5 | 14.0 | 20.4 | 20.9 |
| North Macedonia | 17.6 | 16.4 | 16.9 | 16.2 | 13.5 | 14.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 20.2 | 20.8 | 20.3 | 17.5 | 16.2 | 15.3 | 14.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 10.3 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 8.5 | 8.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 8.1 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 8.3 |
| Indicator | Persons living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population <65 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 12.9 | 12.6 | 11.0 | 10.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 22.4 | 23.8 | 23.5 | 22.7 | 17.1 | 13.6 | 20.1 | 21.0 |
| North Macedonia | 17.4 | 16.4 | 16.5 | 15.8 | 13.1 | 14.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 21.7 | 22.0 | 21.1 | 18.3 | 16.3 | 15.3 | 14.4 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
| Indicator | Persons living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population <65 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 13.8 | 13.2 | 12.6 | 12.1 | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 22.1 | 22.8 | 22.9 | 22.5 | 17.9 | 14.5 | 20.7 | 20.8 |
| North Macedonia | 17.8 | 16.3 | 17.3 | 16.5 | 13.8 | 14.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 18.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 16.6 | 16.1 | 15.3 | 15.2 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 8.5 | 8.7 | 9.4 | 8.6 |
| Indicator | Severe housing deprivation % of owners with mortgage or loan | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 5.5 | 6.4 | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 16.7 | 9.5 | 22.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 16.8 | 13.2 | 5.6 | 10.1 | 4.7 | 2.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 15.8 | 11.8 | 7.8 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 3.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Indicator | Severe housing deprivation % of renters at market price | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 16.4 | 13.1 | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 28.9 | 28.4 | 21.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 3.1 | 13.1 | 23.9 | 3.1 | 18.7 | 12.1 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 16.6 | 10.7 | 20.1 | 14.0 | 15.9 | 10.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 6.3 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 6.5 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty rate or exclusion of children % of population 0-17 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 62.0 | 57.7 | 53.7 | 51.0 | 50.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 51.0 | 48.9 | 49.0 | 48.5 | 43.5 | 45.8 | 45.5 | 40.4 |
| North Macedonia | 47.0 | 45.2 | 44.1 | 42.2 | 38.4 | 39.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 42.4 | 34.5 | 41.0 | 35.9 | 34.5 | 30.6 | 27.5 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 27.9 | 27.3 | 25.6 | 24.7 | 22.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 27.4 | 27.1 | 25.1 | 23.9 | 22.8 | 24.0 | 24.4 | 24.7 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) for children % of population 0-17 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 29.6 | 29.6 | 29.7 | 28.4 | 28.5 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 30.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 32.6 | 30.9 | 31.7 | 32.4 | 33.7 | 32.6 | 30.5 | 28.4 |
| North Macedonia | 28.6 | 28.6 | 29.9 | 29.3 | 27.8 | 30.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 31.1 | 30.2 | 30.5 | 28.8 | 28.9 | 24.2 | 20.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 21.2 | 21.0 | 20.2 | 20.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 21.4 | 21.4 | 20.0 | 19.6 | 18.5 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 19.3 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) for children % of population 0-17 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 27.7 | 28.7 | 27.9 | 26.7 | 26.8 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 29.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 31.0 | 31.6 | 31.9 | 31.9 | 32.9 | 32.4 | 29.0 | 27.1 |
| North Macedonia | 28.6 | 29.3 | 30.2 | 28.7 | 25.9 | 30.4 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 31.2 | 30.1 | 31.0 | 30.1 | 28.6 | 24.0 | 20.1 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 21.0 | 20.4 | 19.9 | 20.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 21.4 | 20.7 | 19.7 | 19.6 | 18.5 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 19.1 |
| Indicator | At-risk-of-poverty-rate (AROP) for children % of population 0-17 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 31.8 | 30.6 | 31.7 | 30.1 | 30.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 30.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 34.3 | 30.1 | 31.5 | 33.0 | 34.6 | 32.9 | 32.2 | 29.7 |
| North Macedonia | 28.6 | 27.8 | 29.6 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 30.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 30.9 | 30.3 | 30.0 | 27.5 | 29.3 | 24.4 | 21.5 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 21.4 | 21.5 | 20.5 | 20.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 21.4 | 22.0 | 20.4 | 19.6 | 18.4 | 19.1 | 19.5 | 19.5 |
| Indicator | Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) for children % of population 0-17 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 53.7 | 49.8 | 44.3 | 42.4 | 41.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 38.3 | 34.2 | 33.9 | 32.9 | 24.6 | 25.7 | 27.9 | 22.9 |
| North Macedonia | 32.1 | 32.4 | 29.9 | 27.9 | 24.2 | 20.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 24.3 | n/a | 20.7 | 17.4 | 15.1 | 12.3 | 11.6 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 11.9 | 11.3 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 7.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 11.8 | 11.1 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 8.4 |
| Indicator | Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) for children % of population 0-17 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 52.1 | 48.6 | 43.5 | 41.6 | 39.8 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 37.6 | 34.8 | 33.7 | 31.4 | 23.8 | 25.0 | 26.3 | 22.8 |
| North Macedonia | 32.6 | 32.0 | 29.3 | 28.4 | 24.4 | 20.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 25.4 | n/a | 22.2 | 18.7 | 15.2 | 11.7 | 10.2 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 11.8 | 10.8 | 9.0 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
| Indicator | Severe material and social deprivation rate (SMSD) for children % of population 0-17 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 55.4 | 51.2 | 45.2 | 43.2 | 42.6 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 39.0 | 33.6 | 34.1 | 34.6 | 25.4 | 26.4 | 29.6 | 23.1 |
| North Macedonia | 31.6 | 32.8 | 30.4 | 27.4 | 24.0 | 19.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 23.3 | n/a | 19.2 | 16.1 | 15.1 | 12.9 | 13.1 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 11.9 | 11.4 | 9.5 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 8.3 |
| Indicator | Children living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population 0-17 | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 12.2 | 12.8 | 11.2 | 11.9 | 11.3 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 23.5 | 23.7 | 24.7 | 25.2 | 17.7 | 14.0 | 21.4 | 23.5 |
| North Macedonia | 18.6 | 18.1 | 19.9 | 17.9 | 13.2 | 15.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 19.8 | 20.7 | 19.1 | 16.3 | 15.6 | 13.6 | 13.3 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.3 | 9.2 | 8.1 | 7.3 | 6.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 8.4 | 8.6 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 7.6 |
| Indicator | Children living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population 0-17 - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 11.6 | 12.4 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 11.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 23.7 | 24.5 | 24.0 | 24.5 | 17.2 | 13.7 | 20.8 | 24.1 |
| North Macedonia | 18.1 | 19.0 | 20.9 | 18.5 | 12.7 | 16.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 21.4 | 21.4 | 19.4 | 17.2 | 15.3 | 13.1 | 11.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 6.5 | 7.7 | 8.4 | 7.7 |
| Indicator | Children living in a household with a very low work intensity % of population 0-17 - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 12.9 | 13.2 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 11.5 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 23.4 | 22.9 | 25.5 | 26.1 | 18.2 | 14.4 | 22.0 | 22.9 |
| North Macedonia | 19.1 | 17.0 | 18.8 | 17.3 | 13.8 | 14.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 18.2 | 20.0 | 18.9 | 15.4 | 15.9 | 14.1 | 15.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 6.3 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 7.6 |
| Indicator | Impact of social transfers (other than pensions) on poverty reduction % reduction of AROP | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 12.55 | 11.03 | 11.88 | 12.10 | 12.70 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 5.42 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 17.01 | 17.24 | 24.84 | 23.72 | 16.95 | 18.71 | 22.06 | 22.52 |
| North Macedonia | 13.31 | 14.79 | 14.29 | 14.79 | 14.96 | 15.18 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 20.06 | 21.28 | 18.67 | 17.91 | 18.02 | 18.73 | 28.14 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 33.72 | 33.20 | 33.98 | 32.94 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 32.03 | 31.64 | 32.40 | 32.80 | 32.38 | 33.20 | 37.08 | 35.04 |
| Indicator | Impact of social transfers (other than pensions) on poverty reduction % reduction of AROP - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 13.6 | 11.9 | 12.6 | 13.0 | 13.0 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 17.0 | 16.7 | 23.2 | 23.7 | 16.7 | 18.2 | 21.9 | 23.7 |
| North Macedonia | 13.0 | 14.7 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 15.6 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 19.6 | 20.8 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 18.9 | 19.0 | 29.9 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 33.7 | 34.1 | 34.9 | 34.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 32.5 | 32.5 | 33.2 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 34.3 | 38.2 | 36.3 |
| Indicator | Impact of social transfers (other than pensions) on poverty reduction % reduction of AROP - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 11.5 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 12.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 16.7 | 17.8 | 26.5 | 24.0 | 17.5 | 19.3 | 22.6 | 21.7 |
| North Macedonia | 13.7 | 15.6 | 14.4 | 14.1 | 14.7 | 14.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 20.5 | 22.0 | 18.5 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 18.5 | 26.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 33.5 | 32.7 | 33.1 | 32.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 31.8 | 30.9 | 31.6 | 31.6 | 31.9 | 32.2 | 36.7 | 34.2 |
| Indicator | General government expenditure by function: social protection % of GDP | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 9.6 | 9.2 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 11.7 | 12.5 | 13.0 | 13.9 | 13.2 | 12.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | 5.1 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 8.3 | 7.3 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 14.3 | 13.7 | 13.1 | n/a | n/a | 13.9 | 12.1 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 10.7 | n/a |
| Serbia | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 13.6 | 13.0 | ||
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 19.0 | 19.0 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 18.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 19.7 | 19.7 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 19.3 | 21.8 | 20.4 | n/a |
| Indicator | General government expenditure by function: healthcare % of GDP | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.4 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 6.5 | 6.5 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 4.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.2 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | n/a | n/a | 7.2 | 6.8 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.8 | n/a | n/a | 4.8 | n/a |
| Serbia | 5.1 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 10.1 | n/a | ||
| Western Balkans Average | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7 | 7.1 | 7.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | n/a |
| Indicator | General government expenditure by function: education % of GDP | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 3.4 | 4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 3.1 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.4 | n/a |
| Montenegro | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.2 | n/a | n/a | 4.8 | 4.3 | n/a |
| North Macedonia | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 3.4 | n/a |
| Serbia | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | ||
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 4.8 | n/a |
| Indicator | Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 0.44 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.39 | 0.36 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 0.18 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.50 | 0.41 | 0.40 |
| North Macedonia | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.70 | 0.67 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.46 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 0.57 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.57 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.58 |
| Indicator | Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 0.39 | 0.37 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.35 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 0.40 | 0.41 |
| North Macedonia | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.67 | 0.70 | 0.65 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 0.53 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 0.46 | 0.49 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 0.57 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.57 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 0.60 | 0.61 | 0.62 | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.60 |
| Indicator | Aggregate replacement ratio for pensions - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 0.78 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.42 | 0.37 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 0.36 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.45 | 0.47 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.38 |
| North Macedonia | 0.66 | 0.77 | 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.70 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.46 | 0.48 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.60 |
| Indicator | Disability employment gap | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 18.1 | 16.9 | 18.7 | 13.3 | 14.2 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 19.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 19.9 | 16.6 | 25.8 | 21.2 | 18.7 | 28.0 | 31.1 | 33.7 |
| North Macedonia | 27.3 | 28.4 | 29.4 | 27.1 | 28.6 | 33.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 25.1 | 27.3 | 25.4 | 27.2 | 36.0 | 34.8 | 38.3 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | 24.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 23.8 | 24.2 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 24.4 | 24.4 | 23.1 | 21.4 |
| Indicator | Disability employment gap - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 16.6 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 12.5 | 13.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 27.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 20.5 | 17.1 | 24.7 | 23.6 | 18.7 | 30.5 | 35.3 | 37.8 |
| North Macedonia | 39.7 | 33.5 | 33.6 | 31.9 | 34.0 | 41.0 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 28.7 | 28.9 | 24.8 | 29.4 | 38.6 | 40.0 | 42.4 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 26.6 | 26.9 | 25.8 | 25.9 | 26.9 | 26.7 | 25.2 | 23.3 |
| Indicator | Disability employment gap - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 16.0 | 14.0 | 16.7 | 11.1 | 11.3 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 9.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 18.9 | 15.0 | 25.5 | 17.8 | 17.5 | 24.3 | 26.8 | 29.4 |
| North Macedonia | 14.5 | 21.5 | 24.0 | 20.5 | 21.2 | 25.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 21.5 | 25.2 | 25.1 | 24.4 | 32.4 | 29.1 | 33.9 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 20.7 | 21.0 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 21.5 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 18.9 |
| Indicator | Disability employment gap Some | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 12.6 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 8.2 | 8.8 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 14.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 15.7 | 13.3 | 23.7 | 20.9 | 18.0 | 27.3 | 28.0 | 31.0 |
| North Macedonia | 19.3 | 22.7 | 24.2 | 19.9 | 21.4 | 25.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 23.1 | 23.8 | 22.2 | 25.6 | 31.8 | 31.4 | 34.8 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 17.2 | 17.8 | 17.4 | 16.3 | 17.0 | 17.4 | 16.1 | 14.5 |
| Indicator | Disability employment gap Severe | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 41.9 | 35.9 | 43.3 | 35.7 | 33.9 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 26.6 | 23.2 | 29.2 | 21.7 | 19.7 | 28.8 | 33.7 | 38.7 |
| North Macedonia | 37.8 | 39.1 | 38.6 | 38.4 | 41.7 | 48.2 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 30.8 | 37.0 | 33.3 | 31.4 | 45.9 | 42.0 | 46.4 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 41.8 | 41.5 | 39.7 | 43.1 | 43.7 | 43.3 | 36.6 | 42.1 |
| Indicator | Housing cost overburden % of population | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 9.2 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 3.3 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 11.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 16.8 | 16.5 | 15.1 | 14.7 | 11.7 | 9.4 | 8.0 | 5.8 |
| North Macedonia | 12.3 | 12.5 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 8.5 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 33.7 | 31.0 | 33.6 | 31.3 | 21.6 | 17.8 | 15.1 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 11.4 | 11.1 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 11.2 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 8.7 |
| Indicator | Children aged less than 3 years in formal childcare % of under 3-years-olds | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 6.1 | 9.1 | 10.3 | 8.8 | 13.0 | 6.3 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 14.0 | 18.1 | 14.5 | 13.3 | 17.2 | 18.1 | 18.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 30.2 | 32.8 | 34.3 | 35.1 | 35.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 30.0 | 33.4 | 34.2 | 34.7 | 35.0 | 30.2 | 37.9 | 35.7 |
| Indicator | Self-reported unmet need for medical care % of population 16+ | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 13.1 | 14.8 | 14.6 | 10.6 | 10.7 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 5.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | 9.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 4.4 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 2.6 |
| North Macedonia | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 1.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 6.3 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 3.8 | 5.3 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 3.3 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 3.3 | 2.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.2 |
| Indicator | Self-reported unmet need for medical care % of population 16+ - Male | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 12.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 9.4 | 9.0 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 3.6 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 2.1 |
| North Macedonia | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 1.7 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 5.6 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 4.7 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 2.8 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 2.9 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 |
| Indicator | Self-reported unmet need for medical care % of population 16+ - Female | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | n/a | n/a | 14.0 | 16.3 | 15.9 | 11.8 | 12.3 | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 5.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 3.1 |
| North Macedonia | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 1.8 | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 7.0 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 6.1 | 5.2 | 4.1 | 6.0 | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.2 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 3.8 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
| Indicator | Out-of-pocket expenditure on healthcare % of total health expenditure | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 43.3 | 41.8 | 44.5 | 44.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 28.8 | 28.6 | 29.1 | 29.3 | 29.4 | 28.9 | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | n/a | n/a | n/a | 39.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 34.3 | 35.3 | 42.4 | 42.1 | 40.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 40.6 | 40.5 | 40.6 | 38.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 15.82 | 15.71 | 15.8 | 15.72 | 15.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 15.9 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 14.4 | 14.5 | n/a |
| Indicator | Healthy life years at age 65: Women | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 17.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 17.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 16.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 16.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 15.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 16.3 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 14.6 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 14.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 15.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 16.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.4 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.0 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 9.3 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 9.9 | n/a |
| Indicator | Healthy life years at age 65: Men | |||||||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | 15.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 15.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 13.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 14.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Kosovo* | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Montenegro | 13.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 13.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| North Macedonia | 12.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 13.1 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Serbia | 13.5 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 13.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Western Balkans Average | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (28) | 9.3 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| EU Average (27) | 9.2 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 9.5 | n/a |